一元论到多元论:当代健康观的新思路

Monism to Pluralism:New Ideas of Contemporary Health Concept

健康理念从古至今不断嬗变,自世界卫生组织提出健康概念以来,学界围绕“健康”有诸多争议,逐渐呈现出一元论和多元论两条不同的研究路径。一元论路径旨在争论中给出一个普遍性健康概念,其中突出的争论有:自然主义与规范主义之争,理想主义与现实主义之争;多元论路径旨在转变传统研究视角,放弃一元构建的普遍概念,强调在特定域境中确定健康概念。多元论路径为传统健康理论研究提供了新思路,它是哲学转向、医学转型和时代转变的产物,融合多元论健康观当代健康呈现出多元、复杂、动态、交互的特征,纠缠着客观实在性、价值引导性和语义应用性。

The concept of health has been evolving continuously since ancient times.Since the concept of health was put forward by the World Health Organization,there have been many controversies around“health”in the academic circle,which gradually presents two different research paths:monism and pluralism.One is a monist approach that aims to give a universal concept of health in the debate,which highlights the debates between naturalism and normalism,idealism and realism.One is a pluralist approach that aims to shift traditional research perspectives,a band on the universal concept of unitary construction and emphasize the determination of health concepts in a specific context.The path of pluralism provides a new way of thinking for traditional health theory research.It is the product of philosophical turn,medical transformation and time change.Combining the pluralistic view of health,contemporary health presents the characteristics of multiple,complex,dynamic and interactive,entangles with objective reality,value leading and semantic application.