翻译社会学中的场域理论再探

The Reexploration of Field Theory in the Sociology of Translation

布迪厄的场域理论成为翻译社会学的核心议题,拥趸者众多。文章再度探讨场域理论对翻译研究的相关性和适用性,重点讨论场域理论的工作机制及其所涉概念的定义、缘起、发展及相互关系,包括在翻译研究领域讨论较多的概念(场域、惯习、资本)以及讨论欠充分的概念(幻象、信仰、迟滞)。阐明这些概念的过程也是分析研究路径的过程,涵盖确立的研究对象、研究对象所在的场域、场域内的参与者、以及学术话语的反省特征,并分析场域的所涉概念如何相互联系相互作用以及如何在翻译研究领域被应用。对这些问题的深入探讨可以有效地避免翻译社会学研究简单化、决定论的陷阱。

Bourdieu’s field theory has become the key topic of sociology of translation and invited enthusiastic discussions among scholars at home and abroad.This study attempts to re-expound its relativity and adaptability to translation studies.It focuses on the working mechanism of Bourdieu’s field theory,exploring the definition,genesis,and development of its concepts and their relations including both the much-discussed key concepts of field,habitus,and capital and the under-discussed supporting concepts of illusio,doxa,and hysteresis.The analysis of the concepts and of the application of this approach covers aspects of the research object,the dynamic field,the agents involved,and the reflexivity of the academic discourse,aiming to probe into how the concepts work and interact with each other and in what way they are applicable to translation studies.A thorough investigation into these concepts will help us keep away from a simplistic and deterministic way of thinking.