纬度对陀螺经纬仪的影响测试分析

Test and analysis of the influence of latitude on gyro-theodolite

理论分析了纬度对陀螺经纬仪的影响规律,纬度越高陀螺指向力矩越小,陀螺仪跟踪周期和不跟踪周期越长,由此引起的陀螺经纬仪测量精度随纬度增高而趋势性变差。利用4台高精度陀螺经纬仪在纬度间隔约5°条件下进行了实地测试实验。结果表明,纬度从18°升高到53°,陀螺经纬仪测量精度变化约在3″左右,实验结果与理论分析结果一致。在考虑随机误差、仪器常数稳定性等其他因素影响的情况下,对中低精度的陀螺经纬仪影响可以接受,而对于高精度陀螺经纬仪不可忽视,可通过适当的测试数据拟合方式对纬度影响进行补偿。

The influence of latitude on gyro-theodolite is analyzed theoretically.The higher the latitude,the smaller the gyro pointing torque,and the longer the gyro tracking time and non-tracking time.As a result,the measurement accuracy of gyro-theodolite tends to deteriorate with the increase of latitude.Four high-precision gyro-theodolites are used to carry out field test experiments at a latitude interval of about 5°.The measured results show that the latitude increases from 18°to 53°,and the measurement accuracy of gyro-theodolite changes about 3",which is consistent with the theoretical analysis results.Considering the influence of other factors such as random error and instrument constant stability,the influence on low and medium precision gyro north-seeker is acceptable,but it can’t be ignored for high-precision gyro north-seeker,and the influence of latitude can be compensated by appropriate test data fitting.