基于时空协同优化的多目标城市轨道交通延误恢复研究

Research on Multi-Objective Urban Rail Transit Delay Recovery Based on Spatio-Temporal Collaborative Optimization

针对城市轨道交通延误引起滞留旅客较多和短期运力不足的情况,提出同时采用车站限流措施和灵活跳停策略的列车延误调整方法。通过构建多目标线性规划模型,对延误列车运行图进行优化调整,将优化目标分为延误旅客总人数最小化和线路延误总时间最小化2部分,同时引入跳停决策变量,考虑跳停对计算线路总延误时间的影响,精确调整线路延误列车运行时间。多目标线性规划模型既有效缓解因滞留旅客过多造成的站台拥挤,又快速恢复因某趟列车延误造成的大面积晚点。最后通过实际算例对模型进行验证,计算结果表明该模型相较于传统的运行时刻调整策略可有效缓解站台滞留旅客的拥挤情况,缩短线路总延误时间,快速恢复城市轨道交通系统的正常运营。

In view of more stranded passengers and short-term transport capacity shortage caused by urban rail transit delay, a train delay adjustment method was put forward, which adopted both passenger flow control at stations and the flexible skip-stop strategy. A multi-objective linear programming model was built to optimize and adjust the delayed train diagram with the spatial and temporal optimization goals of minimizing the total number of delayed passengers and the total delay time, respectively. Skip-stop decision variables were introduced into the spatial optimization function and the temporal optimization function at the same time, and the influence of the skip-stop pattern on the calculation of the total delay time of the line was considered, so as to accurately adjust the running time of the delayed trains on the line. The multi-objective linear programming model not only effectively alleviates platform congestion caused by too many stranded passengers but also quickly recovers the large-scale delay due to the delay of a certain train. Finally, the model was verified by an actual example, and the calculation results show that the model can effectively alleviate the congestion of stranded passengers on the platform, shorten the total delay time of the line, and quickly restore the normal operation of the urban rail transit system, compared with the traditional running time adjustment strategy.