薇甘菊提取物抗烟草花叶病毒活性研究

Activity Study on Anti-Tobacco Mosaic Virus of Mikania micrantha Extracts

为探究薇甘菊抗烟草花叶病毒(TMV)活性,采用半叶枯斑法及叶圆片法对薇甘菊地上部分提取物抗TMV的活性进行测定。结果表明:在浓度为1 mg/mL时,5种提取物对TMV侵染均有不同程度的抑制作用,其中,薇甘菊甲醇提取物对TMV的侵染有较强的保护、治疗和钝化作用,抑制率分别为60.03%、54.24%、70.27%,均显著高于宁南霉素。正丁醇萃取物馏分Fr_(2)对TMV侵染有较好的保护作用,高于宁南霉素,其他萃取物馏分的保护活性均低于宁南霉素。乙酸乙酯萃取物馏分Fr_(4)和馏分Fr_(5)对TMV的治疗活性显著高于宁南霉素;石油醚萃取物馏分Fr3和乙酸乙酯萃取物馏分Fr3的治疗活性相当于宁南霉素。石油醚萃取物馏分Fr_(4)和乙酸乙酯萃取物馏分Fr_(2)~Fr_(4)的钝化活性均显著高于宁南霉素。5种提取物及萃取物馏分对TMV离体增殖均有抑制活性,其中甲醇提取物抑制活性较显著,与宁南霉素相当。综上,薇甘菊提取物具有一定的抗TMV活性,为进一步追踪抗病毒活性物质奠定了基础。

In order to investigate the activity of Mikania micrantha against Tobacco mosaic virus(TMV), half-leaf spot method and leaf circle method were used to determine the activity of the aboveground extracts of M. micrantha to TMV. The results showed that at the concentration of 1 mg/mL, five extracts had different degrees of inhibition effects on TMV infection, among which, the methanol extract of M. micrantha showed strong protection, treatment and passivation effects on TMV infection, with the inhibition rates of 60.03%, 54.24% and 70.27%, respectively, which were significantly higher compared with Ningnanmycin. The Fr_(2)fraction of n-butanol extract showed better protective activity against TMV infection than Ningnanmycin, while the other fractions showed lower protective activity than Ningnanmycin. The therapeutic activity of ethyl acetate extract Fr_(4)and Fr_(5)against TMV were significantly higher than that of Ningnanmycin. The therapeutic activity of petroleum ether extract Fr3and ethyl acetate extract Fr3were equivalent to Ningnanmycin. The passivation activity of petroleum ether extract Fr_(4)and ethyl acetate extract Fr_(2)~Fr_(4)were significantly higher than those of Ningnanmycin. All the five extracts and fractions showed inhibitory activity to TMV proliferation in vitro, and the inhibitory activity of methanol extract was more significant, which was comparable to Ningnanmycin. In conclusion, M. micrantha extract had certain anti-TMV activity, which laid a foundation for further tracing the antiviral active substances.