他汀类药物在卵巢癌中的研究进展

Research Progress of Statins in Ovarian Cancer

他汀类药物是3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase,HMGCR)抑制剂,可通过减少胆固醇生物合成和诱导低密度脂蛋白受体表达而降低血浆胆固醇水平,广泛应用于高脂血症的治疗和心脑血管疾病的预防;此外,他汀类药物可能通过阻断细胞周期进展、诱导细胞凋亡、抑制血管生成、抑制肿瘤生长和转移而具有潜在的抗癌作用。卵巢癌预后较差,给患者造成了严重的经济和心理负担。他汀类药物通过抑制甲羟戊酸(mevalonic acid,MVA)途径、促进铁死亡、调节细胞自噬和调节肿瘤微环境(tumor microenvironment,TME)等多种途径发挥抗肿瘤作用和改善卵巢癌化疗耐药现象,同时在某种程度上可抑制卵巢癌细胞增殖,降低卵巢癌患病风险,改善预后,协同并增强化疗药物抗肿瘤作用,降低复发率。综述他汀类药物在卵巢癌的预防和治疗中的研究新进展,以期对未来临床实践提供帮助。

Statins are 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase(HMGCR)inhibitors that reduce plasma cholesterol level by reducing cholesterol biosynthesis and inducing changes in low-density lipoprotein receptor expression.It is widely used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia and the prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.In addition,statins may have potential anticancer effects by blocking cell cycle progression,inducing apoptosis,inhibiting angiogenesis,and inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis.Ovarian cancer has a poor prognosis and causes severe economic and psychological burden to patients.Statins exert anti-tumor effects and improve the chemoresistance of ovarian cancer by inhibiting mevalonic acid(MVA)pathway,promoting ferroptosis regulating autophagy and tumor microenvironment(TME).Studies have shown that statins,to some extent,can inhibit ovarian cancer cell proliferation,reduce the risk of ovarian cancer,improve the prognosis,synergize and enhance the anti-tumor effects of chemotherapy drugs,and reduce the recurrence rate.This article reviews the research progress of statins in the prevention and treatment of ovarian cancer,in order to provide help for future clinical practice.