妊娠相关静脉血栓栓塞症风险评估模型研究进展

Research Progress of Risk Assessment Models of Pregnancy Associated Venous Thromboembolism

妊娠相关静脉血栓栓塞症(pregnancy associated venous thromboembolism,PA-VTE)包括妊娠期和产褥期发生的静脉系统的血栓形成疾病,由深静脉血栓形成(deep vein thrombosis,DVT)和肺栓塞(pulmonary embolism,PE)组成的PA-VTE是发达国家孕产妇发病和死亡的主要原因。采用高效、便捷的风险评估模型评估PA-VTE的发病风险并进行分级预防是目前多个国家推荐的主要措施,但由于各国医学水平、经济发展和传统习惯的不同,各国相继开发风险评估模型或根据实际情况对其他国家的风险评估模型进行改良,进而对妊娠期及产褥期VTE风险进行个体化评估,并实施相应的血栓预防策略。通过回顾国内外的PA-VTE风险评估模型,旨在为我国进一步建立孕产妇的VTE防治指南提供依据,为产科医务工作者制定出适合我国产科人群的VTE风险评估模型提供参考。

Pregnancy-associated venous thromboembolism(PA-VTE)consists of thrombotic diseases of the venous system occurring during pregnancy and puerperium,consisting of deep vein thrombosis(DVT)and pulmonary embolism(PE)is the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in developed countries.The use of efficient and convenient risk assessment model to assess the risk of PA-VTE and carry out hierarchical prevention is the main measure recommended by many countries.But,due to the differences medical levels,economic development and traditional practices of different countries,many countries have successively developed PA-VTE risk assessment model or modified the risk assessment model in other countries according to the actual situation,so that to assess the risk of VTE during pregnancy and puerperium individually and implement corresponding thrombus prevention strategies.By reviewing the PA-VTE risk assessment model in China and abroad,this study aims to provide a basis for the further establishment of VTE prevention and treatment guidelines for pregnant women in China,and provide a reference for obstetric medical workers to formulate VTE risk assessment model suitable for the obstetric population in China.