术前共情沟通对颅骨缺损修补手术患者心理状况及睡眠质量的影响

Effects of preoperative empathic communication on psychological status and sleep quality of patients undergoing cranial defect repair

目的:分析术前共情沟通对颅骨缺损修补手术患者心理状况及睡眠质量的影响。方法:选取2020年1月-2021年12月某院颅骨缺损需行颅骨修补术患者80例为研究对象,根据入院先后分为对照组和研究组,每组各40例,对照组采取常规术前沟通,研究组采取术前共情沟通。对比两组患者干预前后负性情绪[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)]、体征指标[心率(HR)、舒张压(DBP)、收缩压(SBP)]、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评分、并发症及护理满意度。结果:干预前,两组SAS、SAD评分无明显差异;干预后,两组SAS、SAD评分均降低,且研究均低于对照组(t=-6.861,-5.254;P<0.05);干预前,两组HR、DBP、SBP均无显著差异;干预后,两组HR、DBP、SBP均降低,且研究组均低于对照组(t=-4.894,-2.269,-3.674;P<0.05);干预前,两组PSQI 7个维度评分差异比较均无统计学意义;干预后,两组PSQI各维度评分及总分均降低,且研究组均低于对照组(t=-3.130,-4.245,-3.591,-2.771,-2.003,-4.696,-11.932,-6.988;P<0.05);干预后,研究组感染、头皮下积液、癫痫等并发症及总发生率均低于对照组(5.00%vs 20.00%,χ2=4.110,P<0.05);研究组满意度为95.00%(38/40),明显高于对照组的75.00%(30/40)(χ2=6.270,P<0.05)。结论:术前共情沟通有利于改善颅骨修补术患者负性情绪,恢复其心理健康,维持体征稳定,提高睡眠质量,减少并发症发生率,提高护理满意度。

Objective:To analyze the effect of preoperative empathic communication on psychological status and sleep quality of patients undergoing cranial defect repair.Methods:From January 2020 to December 2021,80 patients with skull defects requiring cranial repair in our hospital were selected as the research objects.According to their admission,they were divided into control group and research group,with 40 cases in each group.The control group received routine preoperative communication,and the research group adopts preoperative empathic communication.Negative emotion[SELF-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),self-rating depression Scale(SDS)],physical indicators[heart rate(HR),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),systolic blood pressure(SBP)],Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)score,complications and nursing satisfaction were compared between 2 groups before and after intervention.Results:Before intervention,there was no significant difference in SAS and SAD scores between two groups;After intervention,SAS and SAD scores in both groups decreased,and were lower in research group than that in the control group(t=-6.861,-5.254;P<0.05);Before intervention,there were no significant differences in HR,DBP and SBP between the two groups;After intervention,HR,DBP and SBP in both groups decreased,and all of them the study group was lower than that in the control group(t=-4.894,-2.269,-3.674;P<0.05);Before intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in PSQI score of 7 dimensions between the two groups;After intervention,PSQI scores and total scores in both groups decreased,and all of them in the study group was lower than that in the control group(t=-3.130,-4.245,-3.591,-2.771,-2.003,-4.696,-11.932,-6.988;P<0.05);After intervention,the total incidence of complications such as infection,subscalp effusion and epilepsy in the study group was lower than that in the control group(5.00%vs 20.00%,χ~2=4.110,P<0.05);The satisfaction rate of study group was 95.00%(38/40),which was significantly higher than that of control group(75.00%(30/40))(χ~2=6.270,P<0.05).Conclusion:Preoperative empathic communication is beneficial to improve negative emotions,restore mental health,maintain stable physical signs,improve sleep quality,reduce the incidence of complications and improve nursing satisfaction.