“冷战”后中东欧国家发展援助论析

Development Aid of Central and East European Countries in the Post-Cold War Era

“冷战”结束后,中东欧国家主要在加入欧盟的目标驱动下,开始了建立或重构发展援助政策机制的过程,逐渐向以欧盟为代表的传统援助方式靠拢。通过自上而下的“欧洲化”,欧盟的援助理念和实践影响了中东欧国家,与此同时,中东欧国家也通过自下而上的方式对欧盟的发展援助政策产生影响,在其中更多地体现中东欧国家的偏好和利益。尽管如此,中东欧国家发展援助政策的“欧洲化”程度是十分有限的:发展援助依然主要服务于中东欧国家自身外交政策目标和经济利益,而中东欧国家对欧盟发展援助的影响也基本停留在政策层面。随着欧盟更加强调地缘政治以及英国“脱欧”和乌克兰危机升级,未来欧盟和中东欧国家发展援助政策的相互影响可能会继续加深,但这将是一个长期的过程。

Driven by the target of EU accession,CEE countries have converged their method of development aid to the traditional approach represented by the EU since the end of the Cold War.Influenced by the EU-s notion and practice of development aid,CEE countries also exercised their own impact on the EU-s development aid policy.In despite of this,the extent of Europeanization of CEE countries’development policy is insufficient as the aid is subject to their own diplomatic goals and economic benefits while the impact on the EU’s development aid is limited to policy level.In the long-run,the mutual impacts of development policy between the EU and CEE countries will be deepened.