摘要
Speculations are rife as to the exact aetiology of Type 1 diabetes mellitus,It is suggested that viruses and other agents precipitate this condition,induce vulnerability and the consequential development of adverse infectious disorders,The disease incidence is increasing exponentially in geographically-determined precincts.It is a chronic,autoimmune metabolic disorder characterized by expansively deranged pancreatic beta-cells,insulin deficiency and hyperglycaemia.Certain environmental elements trigger the autoimmune pathways in genetically susceptible children and adolescents.Globally,diabetes is the most common chronic condition.Studies indicate that comorbidities,syndemics,specific patient status,exclusive treatment modalities,and consistent monitoring of blood glucose levels are critical for type 1 diabetes management.Type 1 diabetes is relatively less common than type 2 diabetes,but it poses greater morbidity and mortality than the latter.Research tends to determine the spatiotemporal variations of the disease,whether its incidence is increasing globally or restricted to a select population,and to estimate the magnitude of the alteration in incidence.Type 1 diabetes can pre-exist and remain undiagnosed in patients.It tends to worsen in comorbid states.Competent objective testing measures are pertinent for evaluation,appropriate and well-timed management of childhood type 1 diabetes for significant improvement in healthcare.Management of the disease using insulin or insulin analogues may induce side effects in the form of acute hypoglycemic episodes,central nervous system derangement,dementia,aggravated morbidity or mortality.Consistent self-monitoring blood glucose(SMBG)tool facilitates adjustments of timely insulin dose.In non-industrialised countries and vulnerable populations,latent constraints have revolved around the choice of,and access to medicinal drugs and high-tech systems in the prime management of type 1 diabetes and its sequelae.
