超大城市再生资源回收的调查分析——以深圳市为例

Investigation and Analysis on Renewable Resources Recycling in Megacities:A Case Study of Shenzhen

再生资源回收量与生活垃圾清运量在统计口径的差异性,给各地评估生活垃圾分类成效带来了困扰。以超大城市深圳市为例,组织人员对全市再生资源回收网点进行分层采样调查。通过对170家有效回收网点实地踏勘、核查台账等,估算出深圳市再生资源的回收量为2.707×10^(6)t/a,回收的再生资源类别呈现出“利大抢收,利小不收”的市场选择现象。深圳市再生资源回收网点主要分布在原特区外,回收网点面积与常住人口是限制再生资源回收量的关键因素。通过与全国及我国一线城市进行对比,证实再生资源回收量未区分来源是造成“两网”统计口径差异的重要原因,提出了人均再生资源回收量、回收网点单位面积回收量等用于健全生活垃圾分类及“两网融合”的评价指标体系的支撑指标。

The statistical difference between the amount of recycled resources and the amount of collected waste in statistical caliber had caused difficulties in assessing the performance of waste separation.The mega-city Shenzhen was taken as an example,conducted a stratified sampling survey on the renewable resources recovery points.Through field survey and account checking of 170 recycling points,it was estimated that the recycling amount of renewable resources in Shenzhen was 2.707×10^(6)t/a.The category of recycled renewable resources presented the market selection phenomenon of“grab the big profit and not collect the small profit”.The recycling points in Shenzhen were mainly located outside the original boundary of specific area.The area of recycling points and the resident population were the key factors that limited the amount of renewable resources.By comparing with the national and domestic first tier cities,it was confirmed that the indistinguishable sources of renewable resources recovery were the important reasons for the difference in the statistical caliber of the so-called“two networks”.The per capita recycling amount of renewable resources,the recycling amount per unit area of recycling points and other supporting indicators were proposed for improving the evaluation index system of waste classification and integration of“two networks”.