厨余垃圾堆肥质量检测评价研究

Study on Quality Detection and Evaluation of Kitchen Waste Composting

对北京市堆肥处理设施分出厨余垃圾进行检测分析,结果表明:厨余垃圾水分含量为79.19%~83.36%,有机质含量为89.62%~96.22%,全氮含量为1.16%~1.42%,全磷含量为2.36%~2.94%,全钾含量为1.03%~1.30%,总养分含量为4.97%~5.65%,pH为4.20~5.30,重金属含量低,厨余垃圾宜作为好氧堆肥原料;对堆肥得到的产品质量进行抽样检测得到,堆肥产品水分含量平均值为19.35%,有机质含量平均值为73.34%,全氮含量平均值为2.66%,全磷含量平均值为0.67%,全钾含量平均值为0.85%,总养分含量平均值为4.17%,pH平均值为6.44,重金属污染物单因子含量排序为Cr>Pb>As>Cd>Hg,植物种子发芽指数平均值为0.74,所有指标均符合NY/T 525—2021有机肥料标准限值要求,堆肥产品质量合格,可以用于改善土壤肥力。

The kitchen waste from composting treatment facilities in Beijing was tested and analyzed.The results showed that the water content of kitchen waste was 79.19%~83.36%,the organic matter content was 89.62%~96.22%,the total nitrogen content was 1.16%~1.42%,the total phosphorus content was 2.36%~2.94%,the total potassium content was 1.03%~1.30%,the total nutrient content was 4.97%~5.65%,the pH was 4.20~5.30,and the content of heavy metals was low,so the kitchen waste could be used as aerobic compost material.The quality of the products obtained by compost was tested by sampling,showed the average water content of compost products was 19.35%,the average organic matter content was 73.34%,the average total nitrogen content was 2.66%,the average total phosphorus content was 0.67%,the average total potassium content was 0.85%,the average total nutrient content was 4.17%,and the average pH was 6.44.The single factor content of heavy metal pollutants was Cr>Pb>As>Cd>Hg,and the average germination index of plant seeds was 0.74,all indicators meet the limit requirements of the NY/T 525—2021 Organic Fertilizer.The quality of composting products was qualified,and could be used to improve soil fertility.