老年人长期照护能力评估标准的研究

Construction of evaluation criteria for long-term care ability of the elderly

目的探索建立适合我国国情的老年人长期照护能力评估标准。方法通过文献研究、实地半结构式访谈等初步建立评估标准, 通过德尔菲法对15名专家进行咨询, 最终建立了老年人长期照护能力评估标准。结果 2轮专家咨询问卷回收有效率均为100%, 专家权威系数分别为0.91、0.92。确立了包括自理能力和疾病轻重程度2个一级指标, 日常生活活动能力、精神状态与社会参与、感知觉与沟通、疾病轻重4个二级指标以及包含了卧位状态、认知功能、意识水平、患病情况等在内的39个三级指标的老年人长期照护能力评估标准。结论建立的老年人长期照护能力评估标准科学、可靠, 可为我国失能老年人长期照护服务等级划分提供参考依据。

ObjectiveTo explore the construction of evaluation criteria for long-term care ability of the elderly suitable for China's national conditions.MethodsThe evaluation criteria were initially established through literature research and field semi-structured interviews.Through the Delphi method,15 experts were consulted and the evaluation criteria for the long-term care ability of the elderly were finally established.ResultsThe effective rate of the two rounds of expert consultation questionnaires was 100%,and the expert authority coefficients were 0.91 and 0.92 respectively.The evaluation criteria for long-term care ability of the elderly were established,including two first-level indicators of self-care ability and disease severity,four second-level indicators of abilities of daily living,mental state and social participation,perception and communication,and disease severity,as well as 39 third-level indicators including recumbent status,cognitive function,level of consciousness,illness and so on.ConclusionsThe evaluation criteria for long-term care ability of the elderly are scientific and reliable,which can provide a reference for the classification of long-term care services for the disabled elderly in China.