金属有机框架在非均相催化中的载体效应

Support effects of metal-organic framework in heterogeneous catalysis

催化载体效应作为制备含少量稀有金属元素的高活性非均相催化剂的关键因素已被广泛研究.利用金属有机框架(MOFs)在孔径、电子状态和选择性吸附性能方面的可调控性,可研究其载体效应.目前,关于金属纳米粒子(NPs)负载的MOFs(M/MOFs)多相催化研究表明:MOFs载体可以通过载体效应极大地增强催化活性,调节产物的选择性,并且将MOFs用作载体,有利于用NPs制备新型高性能催化剂.文章报道了3种类型的载体效应,即分子筛效应、电荷转移效应和基质吸附效应,同时报道了它们在M/MOFs复合型催化剂上的应用表现.

As a key factor in the preparation of highly active heterogeneous catalysts containing a small amount of rare metal elements, catalytic support effect has been widely studied. Recently, the support effect of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)has been investigated by using their wide adjustability in pore size, electronic state, andselective adsorption property. The current reports on heterogeneous catalysis of metal nanoparticle(NPs) supported MOFs(M/MOFs) clearly shows that MOFs support can greatly enhance the catalytic activity and adjust the selectivity of products through the carrier effect, and using MOFs as a carrier will be conducive to the preparation of new high-performance catalysts with metal nanoparticles. In this paper, three types of support effects, namely molecular sieving, charge transfer, and substrate adsorption effects, were reported, and their applications on M/MOFs composite catalysts were also reported.