围填海影响下澳门潮波特性时空变化分析

Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Variation of Tidal Wave Characteristics in Macao under the Influence of Reclamation

基于历史潮位资料,分析了澳门海域历年潮波分潮时空变化特征,并分析澳门地区历年围填海强度对澳门海域潮位变化的影响。研究表明,澳门站附近水域属于不正规半日潮,历年潮波变形均显著,并在不同时间段会出现波动,澳门站历年来H_(S2)/H_(M2)的值在0.4左右波动,说明澳门站的潮高日不等现象受时间的影响显著;运用经验正交函数分析方法(Empirical Orthogonal Function,EOF)探讨了澳门站长序列潮位变化,第一特征矢量的方差贡献率达79%,为典型分潮振幅组合,通过对第一特征矢量与澳门海域围填强度的相关性分析,相关系数为84%,说明澳门地区围填海工程是导致澳门海域潮波变形的主要影响因素。

With the historical tidal level data,this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of tidal constituents and the influence of reclamation intensity on tidal level variation in the Macao sea area over the years.The results indicate that the waters near the Macao station show irregular semidiurnal tides,and the tidal wave deformation is significant over the years and fluctuates in different periods.The value of H S 2/H M 2 at the Macao station fluctuates around 0.4 over the years,which reflects that the diurnal variation of tide height at the Macao station is significantly influenced by time.The empirical orthogonal function(EOF)method is used to discuss the long-series tidal level change at the Macao station.The variance contribution rate of the first characteristic vector is 79%,and it is a typical combination of tidal constituent amplitudes.According to the correlation analysis between the first characteristic vector and the reclamation strength of the Macao sea area,the correlation coefficient is 84%,which manifests that the reclamation project of Macao is the main influencing factor leading to the tidal wave deformation of the Macao sea area.