一种饲用乳酸菌微胶囊的制备方法及其特性研究

Study on preparation method and characteristics of a kind of lactic acid bacteria microcapsules for feeding

针对现有技术制得的乳酸菌胶囊中乳酸菌活性低、在肠道内不能迅速释放、不能耐受饲料制粒过程中的高温、储存过程中容易吸湿变质以及成本较高的缺点,研究了一种饲用乳酸菌微胶囊的制备方法。研究以乳杆菌为芯材,用海藻酸钠-CaCl_(2)-壳聚糖体系制备成乳杆菌微胶囊,通过筛选优化制备工艺,对所制得的乳酸菌微胶囊与未包埋的乳酸菌在其耐酸性、耐胆盐性、耐高温性、储存性和在模拟肠道中崩解释放效果进行比较。结果表明,乳酸菌微胶囊最优工艺为海藻酸钠浓度为20 g/L,菌液∶海藻酸钠(V/V)为1∶3,CaCl_(2)浓度为10 g/L,壳聚糖浓度为3 g/L;并且所制得的乳酸菌微胶囊与未包埋的乳酸菌相比,其耐酸性、耐胆盐性、耐高温性和储存性都有了明显提高,并能在肠道中迅速崩解释放出乳酸菌。最终所制备的乳酸菌微胶囊具有良好的耐胃酸、耐胆盐消化能力,并有望添加到动物饲料中进行高温(80℃)制粒和长期储存。

Aiming at the disadvantages of lactic acid bacteria capsules prepared by prior art,such as low activity of lactic acid bacteria,inability to release quickly in intestinal tract,inability to withstand hygroscopic deterioration when stored at high temperature and high cost during feed granulation,a preparation method of feeding lactic acid bacteria microcapsules was studied.The Lactobacillus microcapsules were prepared by using the sodium alginate-CaCl_(2)-chitosan system with Lactobacillus as the core material.By screening and optimizing the preparation process,the acid resistance,bile salt resistance,high temperature resistance,storage and disintegrating release effect of the prepared lactobacillus microcapsules were compared with the unembedded Lactobacillus microcapsules.The results showed that the optimal process of Lactobacillus microcapsules was 20 g/L sodium alginate concentration,1∶3 bacterial solution sodium alginate(V/V),10 g/L CaCl_(2)concentration and 3 g/L chitosan concentration.In addition,compared with unembedded lactobacillus microcapsules,the acid resistance,bile salt resistance,high temperature resistance and storage properties of the prepared lactobacillus microcapsules were significantly improved,and the lactobacillus microcapsules could disintegrate and release quickly in the intestinal tract.The resulting lactobacillus microcapsules had good stomach acid and bile salt tolerance,and were expected to be added to animal feed for high temperature(80℃)granulation and long-term storage.