残渣法提取青海祁连菜籽油最佳条件的探究

Study on the optimum condition of extracting Qinghai Qilian rapeseed oil by residue method

采用残渣法从祁连春油菜籽中提取油脂,以粉粹后过0.25 mm和0.18 mm筛的菜籽为样品,从正己烷、石油醚、乙酸乙酯中确定出最佳提取剂。再通过单因素和响应面试验,研究料液比、提取时间、提取温度三个因素对菜籽出油率的影响及试验最优值。结果表明,料液比、提取温度、提取时间对菜籽出油率影响较为显著,显著顺序从大到小依次为:提取温度、料液比、提取时间;最佳提取条件为料液比1∶30、提取温度80℃、提取时间5 h;在选用石油醚时,过0.25 mm筛的菜籽出油率最佳,为49.10%。

The oil was extracted from qilianchun rapeseed by residue method,the rapeseed powder filtered through 0.25 mm and 0.18 mm sieve were used as the sample,and the best extractant was determined from n-hexane,petroleum ether and ethyl acetate.The effects of different influencing factors on rapeseed oil yield and the optimal value of the test were obtained through single factor and response surface test.The effects of solid-liquid ratio,extraction temperature and extraction time on rapeseed oil yield were significant,and the significant sequence was from large to small:extraction temperature,solid-liquid ratio and extraction time.The optimal extraction conditions were solid-liquid ratio 1∶30,extraction temperature 80℃,extraction time 5 h.When choosing petroleum ether,the rapeseed oil yield of 0.25 mm sieve was the best,which is 49.10%.