儿童干眼的临床特点及相关危险因素

Clinical characteristics and associated risk factors of dry eye in children

目的:研究儿童干眼的临床特点,分析其相关危险因素。方法:收集干眼患儿共67例并分为6~12岁组和13~18岁组,询问病史及症状并进行泪膜破裂时间(tear break-up time,BUT)、泪液分泌试验(schirmer I test,SIT)、角膜荧光染色(fluorescent,FL)检查。结果:两组临床症状比较,干涩、疲劳感、眼痛比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);6~12岁组视力下降(65.91%)为首位症状,13~18岁组疲劳感(73.91%)为首位症状;两组危险因素比较,近距离用眼时间≥5 h差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);6~12岁组屈光不正(58.14%)是首位危险因素,13~18岁组近距离用眼时间≥5 h(90.91%)是首位危险因素;视觉显示终端(visual display terminal,VDT)≥3 h是影响患儿泪膜稳定性的首要危险因素。结论:儿童干眼以干涩、疲劳感、眼痛为主要症状,近距离用眼时间增加是其主要危险因素,VDT是影响儿童泪膜稳定性的首要危险因素,这对眼科医生防治儿童干眼有重要临床意义。

Objective:To study the clinical characteristics of dry eye in children and analyze the associated risk factors.Methods:A total of 67 children with dry eye disease were collected and divided into groups of 6 to 12 years old and 13 to 18 years old.Medical history and symptoms were asked and BUT,SIT,and FL examinations were performed.Results:The comparison of clinical symptoms between the two groups showed that dryness,fatigue and eye pain had statistical differences(P <0.05);the first symptom was vision loss(65.91%)in the 6 ~12 year old group and fatigue(73.91%)in the 13~18 year old group;comparison of risk factors between the two groups showed that close eye use time≥5 h had statistical differences(P<0.05);refractive error(58.14%)was the first risk factor in the 6~12 year old group,and the first risk factor was the 13~18 year old group(90.91%)who kept close eye for ≥5 hours;VDT≥3 h was the primary risk factor affecting the stability of tear film in children.Conclusion:The main symptoms of dry eye in children are dryness,fatigue and eye pain,and the main risk factor is the increase of close eye use time.VDT is the primary risk factor affecting the stability of children′ s tear film,which has important clinical significance for the prevention and treatment of dry eye in children by ophthalmologist.