中印两大传统医学中五脏的“比象”对比研究:基于藏医人体“比象”理论

Comparative Study Between Chinese and Indian Traditional Medicine “Metaphor” Based on Tibetan Medicine Body “Metaphor”

通过文献挖掘方式对《四部医典》《素问》《妙闻集》《闍罗迦集》等传统医学代表性著作中关于五脏“比象”的内容进行对比,分析以上三种传统医学关于脏腑的认识是否存在异同。从“比象”中可以窥见各传统医学对脏腑器官位置、形状、功能及内在联系的认识与理解各具特色。“比象”理论对于研究各民族医学之间相互影响交融的历史具有重要参考价值;通过探讨“比象”中相应官职、建筑、植物等有关内容,对于历史研究也具有一定的参考价值。

Through literature reporting, this paper compares the contents of “Metaphor” of the five viscera in the representative works of traditional medicine, such as Four medical tantras, Latidhipa, tzakaradipa and huangdi.It also analyzes similarities and differences in the understanding of organs in the above three traditional medicine.From “Metaphor”,we can recognize position, shape, function and internal relationship of organs in different traditional medicine, which is of great reference value to the study of the history of mutual influence and integration among different ethnic medicine.In addition, it also has certain research value for historical research on the relevant contents of official posts, buildings and plants in “Metaphor”.