图书馆读者信息刑法保护范式的困境与优化

The Dilemma and Optimization of the Criminal Law Protection Paradigm of Library Reader Information

大数据时代,读者信息侵害风险客观化跃升而亟须刑法规避。基于罪刑法定与罪刑均衡的顶层设计,刑法应当对读者信息实行精细化分层式保护。本文澄清各种读者信息的规范内涵及识别其法益内容,在此基础上镜鉴德国“领域理论”将各种读者信息依次划归私密领域、私人领域和社会领域,并指出刑法的制约力度与读者信息的私密性程度呈正向关系,最后对不同领域中的读者信息刑法应采取对应的保护范式做出具体阐释。

In the era of big data, the risk of infringement of readers’ information leaps up objectively and urgently needs to be avoided by criminal law. Based on the top-level design of statutory and balanced crime and punishment, the criminal law should implement fine-grained layered protection for readers’ information. This paper clarifies the normative connotation of various kinds of reader information and identifies its legal content,based on which the German "domain theory" classifies various kinds of reader information into private domain, private domain and social domain in order, and points out that the strength of the criminal law is positively related to the degree of privacy of reader information. Finally, we explain the protection paradigm that should be adopted by criminal law for readers’ information in different fields.