中国与中亚国家数字贸易竞争力及影响因素研究

Research on Digital Trade Competitiveness and Its Influencing Factors Between China and Central Asian Countries

数字贸易是推动中国和中亚国家经济复苏与增长的重要引擎,是建立国际合作竞争优势的关键途径。借助国际竞争力相关指标,基于“熵值法”测算,对比2005年到2019年间中国和中亚国家的数字贸易国际竞争力水平,得出中国数字贸易竞争力水平呈现快速增长态势并对中亚国家长期保持领先地位。基于“钻石模型”选取重要影响因素,对中国和中亚国家分别构建计量模型进行研究。结果表明,在数字贸易竞争力方面,服务贸易出口额、数字贸易依存度、每十人宽带用户数对中国和中亚国家数字贸易竞争力具有正向影响,由于数字贸易人才供求不匹配,导致高等教育入学率对中国和中亚国家产生负向影响。因此,在多层次数字贸易合作平台搭建、共建数字贸易基础设施、数字贸易人才队伍建设等方面加强合作,有助于推动各国数字贸易战略目标的实现。

Digital trade is an important engine for the economic recovery and growth of China and Central Asian countries, and a key way to build international cooperation and competitiveness.With the help of relevant indicators of international competitiveness and based on "entropy method" calculation, this paper compares the international competitiveness level of digital trade between China and Central Asian countries from 2005to 2019, and concludes that the competitiveness level of China’s digital trade shows a trend of rapid growth and maintains a long-term leading position over Central Asian countries. Based on the "diamond model" to select the important influencing factors, China and Central Asian countries respectively construct econometric models.The results show that in terms of digital trade competitiveness, the export of service trade, the degree of dependence on digital trade, and the number of broadband users per ten people have a positive impact on the digital trade competitiveness of China and Central Asian countries, and the education enrollment rate has a negative impact on the digital trade competitiveness of China and Central Asian countries due to the mismatch between the supply and demand of digital trade talents.Therefore, strengthening cooperation in digital trade value chain division, multi-level digital trade cooperation platform construction, digital trade infrastructure construction, digital trade talent team construction and other aspects will help promote the realization of digital trade strategic goals of all countries.