燃料电池离心式空压机性能衰减特性试验研究

Experimental Study on Performance Attenuation Characteristics of Centrifugal Air Compressor for Fuel Cells

为了获取燃料电池空压机性能衰减特性、提高其使用寿命,针对一款自主开发的燃料电池空压机开展了耐久性试验研究.结合燃料电池汽车实际道路循环工况特征,构建了一种接近真实道路循环工况的空压机寿命测试工况,并开展了4 000 h的空压机耐久性试验,采集了不同磨合时间段的空压机性能与运行参数.通过耐久试验数据分析,明确了空压机性能衰减规律及其影响因素.除磨合时间外,空压机性能衰减主要受转速和压力的影响,其中压力衰减随转速增加而增大,衰减速度随磨合时间增加先快后慢;空气流量衰减对转速和压力均很敏感,衰减速度随磨合时间基本保持不变.磨合4 000 h后,在额定工况下空压机的出口压力和空气流量衰减最大分别达到7.5%和29.7%.

In order to obtain the performance attenuation characteristics of the fuel cell air compressor and imrove its service life, the durability test for a self-developed fuel cell air compressor was carried out. Combined with the actual road cycle characteristics of fuel cell vehicles, an air compressor life test condition close to the real road cycle was constructed. On this basis, the durability test of the air compressor was carried out for 4 000 hours, and the performance and operation parameters of the air compressor in different running-in periods were collected.Through the analysis of durability test data, the attenuation law of the air compressor performance and its influencing factors were clarified. In addition to running-in time, the performance attenuation of the air compressor is mainly affected by speed and pressure, where the pressure attenuation becomes larger with the increase of speed, the attenuation rate increases first and then slows down with the running-in time, the attenuation of airflow is sensitive to both speed and pressure, and the attenuation rate remains unchanged with running-in time. After 4 000 hours of runningin, the maximum attenuation of air compressor outlet pressure and airflow reaches 7.5% and 29.7%, respectively, at rated operating conditions. The above results provide data basis and reference for the optimization of reliability and design of accelerated endurance conditions for the air compressor.