气单胞菌群体感应及其抑制剂研究进展

Research Progress on Quorum Sensing and Quorum Sensing Inhibitors of Aeromonas

细菌群体感应(quorum sensing,QS)是细菌通过信号分子的产生、释放、积累和感应进行化学交流的过程,这种信号分子又称之为自诱导物(autoinducers,AI)。气单胞菌(Aeromonas)是水产品中常见腐败菌,也是动物和人类的环境条件致病菌。近年来研究报道气单胞菌的致病性和腐败行为可能与QS有关,提示可以通过抑制气单胞菌QS对其进行防控。气单胞菌QS系统按照信号分子种类的不同可以分3类:以N-酰基高丝氨酸内酯类化合物(N-acyl homoserine lactone,AHLs)作为信号分子的AI-1系统、以4,5-二羟基-2,3-戊二酮(4,5-dihydroxy2,3-pentanedione,DPD)衍生物为信号分子的AI-2系统和QseBC双组分调控的AI-3系统。本文介绍这3类QS系统及其调控机制,概述植物来源、微生物和动物来源、化学合成类气单胞菌QS抑制剂(quorum sensing inhibitors,QSI)的研究进展,探讨气单胞菌QSI在水产品腐败和水产病害预防中的应用和前景,以期为气单胞菌QSI在水产品安全方面的应用提供参考。

Bacterial quorum sensing(QS)is a process in which bacteria conduct chemical communication through the production,release,accumulation and induction of signaling molecules called autoinducers(AI).Aeromonas is a common spoilage bacterium in aquatic products,and also a conditional pathogenic bacterium in animals and humans.In recent years,studies have reported that the pathogenicity and spoilage behavior of Aeromonas may be related to QS,suggesting that it can be prevented and controlled by inhibiting the QS.Aeromonas has three QS systems including AI-1 system with N-acyl homoserine lactones(AHLs)as signaling molecules,AI-2 system with 4,5-dihydroxy 2,3-pentanedione(DPD)derivatives as signaling molecules and AI-3 system regulated by QseBC.This paper introduces these three QS systems and their regulation mechanisms in detail.Furthermore,this paper focuses on recent progress in research on plant-derived,microbe-and animalderived and chemically synthesized QS inhibitors(QSI)of Aeromonas.The potential application of QSI to the prevention of aquatic product spoilage and aquatic diseases caused by Aeromonas is discussed in order to provide a reference for the application of Aeromonas QSI in aquatic product safety.