新发展格局下中国产业链安全稳定发展面临的科技风险与防范对策

Scientific and Technological Risks Facing the Safe and Stable Development of China’s Industrial Chain and Preventive Countermeasures Under the New Development Pattern

分析中国产业链在新发展格局下面临的科技风险,为保障国家产业链安全稳定发展提供对策参考。通过对产业链相关理论溯源,明晰产业链安全稳定发展的重要性,从全球产业链回流化、外流化、多元化、区域化的发展趋势入手,梳理总结出中国产业链发展存在的科技风险,包括:传统产业领域产业链完整性遭遇较大挑战,上下游产业集群创新体系存在断点;战略性新兴产业领域产业链“卡脖子”问题凸显,对高技术、高附加值环节的掌控力度和话语权不足;产业链的值链层级有待提升,大中小企业协同创新发展的模式和体制机制建设亟待加强等。提出在国内国际双循环新发展格局下,中国有必要从“稳链”“补链”“强链”“控链”视角出发,拓展“一带一路”沿线市场,建设更高质量的创新型产业集群;培育产业生态掌控型企业,强化产业原始创新和基础创新能力;与西方国家建立和而不同的非对称威慑技术能力体系,形成时刻保有的产业链反制能力甚至是控制性优势和反制力量等。

This paper analyzes the scientific and technological risks faced by China’s industrial chain under the new development pattern, and provides countermeasures and reference for ensuring the safe and stable development of the national industrial chain. Through tracing the source of the relevant theories of industrial chain, it clarifies the importance of the safe and stable development of the industrial chain, and then, based on the development trend of global industrial chain refluxing, outflow, diversification and regionalization, combs and summarizes the scientific and technological risks existing in the development of China’s industrial chain, including the integrity of the industrial chain in the traditional industrial field has encountered great challenges, and there are breakpoints in the innovation system of upstream and downstream industrial clusters;the "choke" problem of the industrial chain in strategic emerging industries is prominent, and the control and voice of high-tech and high value-added links are insufficient;the value chain level of the industrial chain needs to be improved, and the construction of the collaborative innovation development model and system mechanism of large, small and medium-sized enterprises needs to be strengthened. Finally, it puts forward that, under the new development pattern of domestic and international double circulation, it is necessary for China to expand the markets along the "the Belt and Road" from the perspective of "stabilizing the chain", "supplementing the chain", "strengthening the chain" and "controlling the chain", and build higher quality innovative industrial clusters;cultivate enterprises that control the industrial ecology, and strengthen the original innovation and basic innovation capabilities of the industry;establish a harmonious but different asymmetric deterrence technology capability system with the West, and form a constant counter control capability of the industrial chain, even a controlling advantage and counter control force.