奥氏体不锈钢低温容器焊接与应变强化工艺的技术创新

Strain strengthening technlogy innovation of and deformation control of austenitic stainless steel cylinder of cryogenic vessel

随着低温行业的快速发展,低温容器用材料奥氏体不锈钢的应用日益广泛和增加。鉴于奥氏体不锈钢含有镍等贵金属,价格昂贵且极不稳定;为此采用应变强化技术来提高不锈钢材料的屈强比,充分挖掘其塑性储备来提高其屈服强度,进而大幅度提高奥氏体不锈钢材料的强度计算的许用应力。运用应变强化技术实现奥氏体低温容器的轻型化设计和制造,对节约材料,减轻设备质量和降低成本极为显著。通过试验数据分析和有限元模拟计算分析,预测的最大变形与试验吻合较好,为实际生产提供有效的变形测量位置控制奠定了基础。

With the rapid development of the cryogenic industry, the use of austenite stainless steel materials for cryogenic containers has become more and more extensive.However, because Austenitic stainless steel contains precious metals such as nickel, it is very expensive and unstable, therefore, the strengthening technology is adopted to improve the yield strength ratio of stainless steel materials, and the plastic reserves are fully exploited to improve the yield strength of stainless steel materials, thus greatly increasing the allowable stress in the strength calculation of austenite stainless steel materials, the application of strain strengthening technology to the lightweight design and manufacture of austenitic cryogenic vessels is very significant in saving material, reducing equipment weight and cost.Through the analysis of test data and finite element simulation calculation, the predicted maximum deformation is in good agreement with the test, which provides effective deformation measurement position control for practical production.