煤矿松软破碎围岩巷道底鼓机理分析及支护控制技术

Analysis of Floor Heave Mechanism and Support Control Technology of Soft and Broken Surrounding Rock in Coal Mine

巷道底鼓是软岩巷道的一种常见破坏形式,当底鼓问题严重时会明显改变巷道断面形状,进而危及矿井安全。采取科学的支护控制技术能够有效减小底鼓量,甚至是避免底鼓现象的发生。首先介绍了巷道底鼓的机理,并以挤压流动底鼓为例,对其力学特性展开了分析。随后结合某工程实例,在开展巷道地质勘察的前提下,设计了两套不同的支护方案,并简要概述了支护技术要点。最后在支护结束后开展了长期的移近量观测。结果表明,采取支护措施后巷道宽度收缩和高度收缩都得到有效控制,支护效果理想。

Floor heave is a common failure form of soft rock roadway. When the floor heave problem is serious, it will obviously change the section shape of roadway and endanger mine safety. Adopting scientific support control technology can effectively reduce the floor heave and even avoid the floor heave phenomenon. This paper first introduces the mechanism of roadway floor heave, and takes the extrusion flow floor heave as an example to analyze its mechanical characteristics. Then combined with an engineering example, two sets of different support schemes are designed under the premise of geological survey of roadway, and the key points of support technology are briefly summarized. Finally, a long-term approach measurement was carried out after the end of the support. The results show that the width shrinkage and height shrinkage of roadway are effectively controlled after the support measures are adopted, and the support effect is ideal.