维生素D与孤独症谱系障碍的研究进展

Research progress on vitamin D and autism spectrum disorder

孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)是一种高度异质性的神经发育障碍。维生素D是一种常见的脂溶性维生素,其作用除影响体内的钙磷代谢外,还与神经系统发育密切相关。新近研究表明,血清维生素D水平与ASD的严重程度呈负相关。母亲孕期或胎儿早期发育过程中缺乏维生素D会影响大脑发育,并导致学习过程、记忆形成和认知功能的长期甚至永久性损伤,是ASD发生的重要危险因素之一;此外,补充维生素D在一定程度上可以改善ASD儿童的核心症状及降低其发生风险。该文就维生素D的代谢和生理功能、维生素D与ASD的关系及其在预防和治疗ASD中的作用等进行综述。

Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a highly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder.Vitamin D is a common fat-soluble vitamin,and its effects are closely related to nervous system development in addition to affecting calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the body.Recent studies have shown that serum vitamin D levels are negatively correlated with the severity of ASD.Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy or early fetal development,which is one of the most important risk factors for the development of ASD,can affect brain development and lead to long-term or even permanent damage to learning processes,memory formation,and cognitive function.In addition,vitamin D supplementation can improve core symptoms of ASD children and,to some extent,reduce the risk of developing ASD.This paper reviewed the metabolism and physiology of vitamin D,the relationship between vitamin D and ASD,and its role in the prevention and treatment of ASD.