制造业单项冠军企业数字创新战略及其适配组态研究

Research on Digital Innovation Strategy of Single Champion Firms in Manufacturing Industry and Its Adaptation Configuration

数字技术是否显著冲击了企业创新活动的要素构成与资源配置关系,直接影响着制造业单项冠军企业数字创新战略的制定,也是引导制造企业在数字化情境下优化创新要素、提升资源配置效率的核心问题。基于“迈尔斯—斯诺”战略类型分析框架,使用制造业单项冠军企业上市样本数据,以多因素组态视角分析了动态能力(感知能力/整合能力)、冗余资源、环境动态性与数字创新(探索式/利用式数字创新)4个前因条件对企业绩效的组态效应,并对典型案例进行了验证性分析,研究发现:(1)存在4类能够产生高企业绩效的数字创新适配组态:“捕获—突破”型、“编排—开拓”型、“协同—共创”型与“自驱—并创”型。前两类可归纳为探索式数字创新战略模式,后两类可归纳为双元数字创新战略模式;(2)高环境动态性下,强感知能力是制造业单项冠军企业通过探索式数字创新战略模式获取高绩效的关键条件;(3)非高环境动态性下,高冗余资源与单一动态能力(感知能力/整合能力)是制造业单项冠军企业通过双元数字创新战略模式产生高绩效的关键条件;(4)科技型制造企业更倾向于探索式数字创新战略模式,而传统制造领域企业在资源充盈时更倾向于双元数字创新战略模式。本文研究结论一方面为制造业单项冠军企业进一步提升创新能力提供了发展方向,另一方面也为更多制造业企业的数字创新活动提供战略管理启示。

Whether digital technology has significantly impacted the factors combination and resource allocation relationship of firm in-novation activities,directly affects the formulation of digital innovation strategies for single champion firms in manufacturing industry,andis also the core issue to guide manufacturing firms to optimize innovation factors and improve resource allocation efficiency in the digitalcontext.Based on the analysis framework of Miles&Snow’s strategy types,using the sample data of the listed single champion firms inthe manufacturing industry,the configuration effects of the dynamic capability(sensing capability/integrating capability),slack resources,environmental dynamism and digital innovation(exploratory/exploitative digital innovation)on firm performance were analyzed from the per-spective of multi-factor configuration four antecedent conditions,and a confirmatory analysis of typical cases was carried out.The studyfound that:(1)there are four types of digital innovation adaptation configurations that can produce high firm performance,"Capture-Break-through","Orchestration-Development","Collaboration-Dual Innovation"and"Self-Driven-Dual Innovation".The first two categories canbe classified as exploratory digital innovation strategic models,and the latter two can be classified as dual digital innovation strategic mod-els.(2)Under the high environmental dynamism,high sensing capability is the necessary antecedent for single champion firms in manufac-turing industry to obtain high performance through the exploratory digital innovation strategic model.(3)Under the non-high environmentaldynamics,high slack resources and sensing capability(or integrating capability)are the necessary antecedents for the single championfirms in manufacturing industry to produce high performance through the dual digital innovation strategic model.(4)Technology-based man-ufacturing firms are more inclined to adopt the exploratory digital innovation strategic model,while traditional manufacturing firms withslack resources are more inclined to adopt the dual digital innovation strategic model.On the one hand,the research conclusions of this pa-per provide a development direction for the further innovation and improvement of the single champion firms in manufacturing industry,onthe other hand,it also provides strategic management inspiration for the digital innovation activities of more manufacturing firms.