焦作市城乡地区≥40岁居民脑卒中患病率的性别差异及相关危险因素分析

Analysis of Gender Differences and Related Risk Factors of Stroke Prevalence in Urban and Rural Residents Aged ≥40 Years in Jiaozuo City

目的 探讨焦作市城乡地区≥40岁居民脑卒中患病率的性别差异,分析相关危险因素,为焦作市脑卒中的防治工作提供部分参考依据。方法 于2019年1月-2020年12月,采用多阶段随机抽样的方法抽取焦作市焦北社区、焦南中州社区、大丰镇、温县年龄≥40岁的常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查,分析不同性别脑卒中患病情况及其影响因素。结果 本次筛查7920名中脑卒中粗化患病率为2.85%,年龄标化患病率为2.13%,男性患病率(3.95%)高于女性(2.14%)。不同性别年龄阶段老年、城乡区域、脑卒中家族史、患高血压和糖尿病、明显超重或肥胖者患病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);二元Logistic回归分析显示,年龄(β=1.212,OR=3.361,95%CI=2.104~5.369)、脑卒中家族史(β=0.786,OR=2.196,95%CI=1.376~3.502)、高血压(β=1.454,OR=4.279,95%CI=2.623~6.981)、糖尿病(β=0.702,OR=2.018,95%CI=1.338~3.042)、吸烟史(β=-0.491,OR=0.612,95%CI=0.383~0.976)、明显超重或肥胖(β=0.482,OR=1.620,95%CI=1.063~2.467)是男性脑卒中独立危险因素;年龄(β=1.069,OR=2.912,95%CI=1.779~4.767)、脑卒中家族史(β=0.788,OR=2.198,95%CI=1.350~3.580)、房颤或瓣膜性心脏病(β=1.631,OR=5.111,95%CI=1.119~23.342)、高血压(β=1.170,OR=3.221,95%CI=2.003~5.181)、血脂异常(β=0.427,OR=1.533,95%CI=1.020~2.304)是女性脑卒中独立危险因素。结论 脑卒中不同危险因素中不同性别的患病率存在差异,应设计针对不同性别的健康促进战略和预防性干预措施。

Objective To investigate the gender difference of stroke prevalence among residents aged ≥40 years in urban and rural areas of Jiaozuo city, and analyze the related risk factors, so as to provide partial reference for stroke prevention and treatment in Jiaozuo city. Methods From January2019 to December 2020, the multi-stage random sampling method was used to select the resident residents aged ≥40 years from Jiaobei Community,Jiaonan Zhongzhou Community, Dafeng Town and Wen County for questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory examination to analyze the prevalence of stroke in different genders and its influencing factors.Results Among 7920 people screened, the coarsening prevalence of stroke in Jiaozuo city was 2.85%, and the age-standardized prevalence was 2.13%. The prevalence rate in males(3.95%) was higher than that in females(2.14%). There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence rates of elderly people, urban and rural areas, family history of stroke,hypertension and diabetes, and significant overweight or obesity between different genders(P<0.05). Binary Logistic analysis showed age(β=1.212,OR=3.361, 95%CI=2.104-5.369), family history of stroke(β=0.786, OR=2.196, 95%CI=1.376-3.502), hypertension(β=1.454, OR=4.279, 95%CI=2.623-6.981), diabetes mellitus(β=0.702, OR=2.018, 95%CI=1.338-3.042), smoking history(β=-0.491,OR=0.612,95%CI=0.383~0.976), significant overweight or obesity(β=0.482, OR=1.620, 95%CI=1.063~2.467) were independent risk factors for male, and age(β=1.069, OR=2.912, 95%CI=1.779-4.767), family history of stroke(β=0.788, OR=2.198, 95%CI=1.350-3.580), atrial fibrillation or valvular heart disease(β=1.631, OR=5.111,95%CI=1.119-23.342), hypertension(β=1.170, OR=3.221, 95%CI=2.003-5.181), dyslipidemia(β=0.427, OR=1.533, 95%CI=1.020-2.304) were independent risk factors for female.Conclusion The prevalence rate of stroke in different risk factors is different for different genders. Therefore,health promotion strategies and preventive intervention measures should be designed for different genders.