6岁以下儿童保健服务现状分析

An Analysis of Health Care Services with Eye Health Conditions in Children Under 6 Years Old

目的分析0~6岁儿童保健服务与眼健康状况。方法收集2018年1月-2021年12月本院所在辖区内0~6岁儿童保健工作的相关报表,共纳入895例儿童为研究对象,统计儿童保健服务情况,包括新生儿回访率、眼保健率、听力保健率、口腔保健率、智力情况检测率、儿童系统管理符合率、综合保健覆盖率和中重度营养不良率。整理实施眼保健服务的儿童裸眼视力检查结果,分析0~6岁儿童视力检查状况。结果2018年度、2019年度、2020年度和2021年度眼保健率、听力保健率、口腔保健率、智力情况检测率、儿童系统管理符合率和新生儿回访率比较存在明显差异(P<0.05),但各年度综合保健覆盖率和中重度营养不良率比较均无明显差异(P>0.05)。2018年度实施眼保健儿童中视力良好占比69.86%、视力不良占比30.14%,2019年度实施眼保健儿童中视力良好占比80.58%、视力不良占比19.42%;2020年度实施眼保健儿童中视力良好占比84.87%、视力不良占比15.13%;2021年度实施眼保健儿童中视力良好占比89.68%、视力不良占比10.32%,各年度间比较差异显著(P<0.05)。经裸眼视力检查筛查出的76例视力不良儿童中男童占比51.32%,女童占比46.68%,其中年龄在0~2岁儿童占比11.84%、3~4岁儿童占比23.68%,5~6岁儿童占比64.47%,不同年龄段对比差异显著(P<0.05)。结论2018~2021年间儿童各项保健服务落实情况呈整体上升的趋势,其中实施眼保健服务的儿童中视力不良检出率虽呈明显下降的现象,但5~6岁儿童仍是视力不良的高发群体,需加强对该年龄段儿童的视力监管,通过定期检查、及时纠正有效维护儿童的视力健康。

Objective To analyze the relationships between health care services and eye health conditions in children aged 0~6.Methods 895 children(0~6 years old)taking the health care services(January 2018 to December 2021)were chosen as research subjects.Relevant reports were counted,including return visits rates for the newborns,eye health care rate,hearing health care rate,oral health care rate,intelligence detection rate,child system management accordance rate,comprehensive health care coverage rate and moderate-severe malnutrition rate.The uncorrected visual acuity was measured;the visual acuity in children aged 0~6 was analyzed.Results The eye health care rate,hearing health care rate,oral health care rate,intelligence detection rate,child system management accordance rate and neonatal return visit rate were found to be statistically significant in 2018,2019,2020 and 2021(P<0.05);there were no significant differences about the comprehensive health care coverage rate and moderate-severe malnutrition rate in the different years(P>0.05);the good and poor visual acuity ratios in 2018 were 69.86%and 30.14%;the good and poor visual acuity ratios in 2019 were 80.58%and 19.42%;the good and poor visual acuity ratios in 2020 were 84.87%and 15.13%;the good and poor visual acuity ratios in 2021 were 89.68%and 10.32%;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the uncorrected visual acuity screening results indicated that among 76 poor visual acuity children,the ratios of boys and girls were 51.32%and 46.68%;the ratios were 11.84%for children aged 0~2,23.68%for children aged 3~4,64.47%for children aged 5~6;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The implementation rates of health care services show a rising tendency from 2018 to 2021.The detection rates of poor visual acuity are obviously declined for health care service children.However,children aged 5~6 are prone to have the poor visual acuity,which shall be focused to take the regular examination and keep the children’s eye health.