家庭结构对农村青少年不良社会行为的影响:监管VS理解——基于中国家庭教育追踪数据(CEPS)的实证检验

The Influence of Family Structure on Bad Social Behavior among Rural Adolescents:Supervision vs Understanding:Empirical Test Based on China Family Education Tracking Data(CEPS)

本文从理论层面深入考察家庭结构对青少年不良社会行为的影响效果及影响机制。基于2013—2014学年和2014—2015学年中国教育追踪调查(CEPS)的两期数据,采用OLS和Ologit回归方法以及倾向得分匹配(PSM)法实证检验家庭结构对青少年不良社会行为的影响。结果表明,首先,家庭结构会影响农村青少年不良社会行为的发展,与父母双方共同居住的青少年的不良社会行为发生率要低于单亲居住或双亲非同住的青少年,其作用效果在父母之间有差异,总体来看母亲在规范农村青少年不良行为发挥的作用要大于父亲。其次,家庭结构在一定程度上通过父母监管与理解两种途径作用于子女不良社会行为的发展,父母监管在家庭结构影响青少年不良社会行为的作用要强于父母理解。再次,家庭结构对农村青少年不良社会行为存在性别差异与地区差异,女性负面影响大于男性,西部负面影响大于中东部。最后,选择工具变量法以及PSM进行稳健性检验,仍然得到了一致的结论。由于青少年社会行为发展不仅影响自身的人生轨迹,而且关系着国家经济与中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的实现,因此,农村“双亲非同住或单亲同住家庭”对青少年社会行为发展的负面影响,应引起政策研究者和学界的高度重视。

This paper investigates the effect and mechanism of family structure on adolescents’bad social behavior from the theoretical level.Based on the data from China Family Education Tracking Survey(CEPS)for 2013-2014 and 2014-2015,this study used OLS and Ologit regression methods and propensity score matching(PSM)to empirically test the influence of family structure on adolescents’undesirable social behaviors.Results show that the family structure will affect the development of rural adolescents’social behavior,and adolescents who live with both parents have lower rates of bad social behavior than those who live with a single parent or parents who live apart.Mothers play a greater role than fathers in regulating the bad behavior of rural teenagers.Secondly,to some extent,family structure affects the development of children’s bad social behaviors in two ways:parental supervision and understanding.Parent supervision plays a stronger role in the influence of family structure on adolescents’bad social behaviors than parental understanding.Thirdly,there are gender and regional differences in family structure on the adverse social behaviors of rural adolescents.The negative influence of females is greater than that of males,and the negative influence of western is greater than that of central and eastern regions.Finally,the instrumental variable method and PSM were selected for the robustness test,and a consistent conclusion was obtained.Since the development of adolescents’social behavior not only affects their life trajectory but also relates to the national economy and the realization of the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,the negative impact of“two parents living together or single parent living in a family”on the development of adolescents’social behavior in rural areas should arouse the high attention of policy researchers and academic circles.