水稻与纹枯病菌互作的分子机制研究进展

Recent progresses on molecular mechanisms in the interactions between rice and pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA

水稻纹枯病是由死体营养型真菌立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA亚群引起的一种土传病害,在世界水稻种植区均有发生,是限制水稻高产的主要病害之一。虽然国内外学者针对纹枯病菌已开展了大量的研究工作,但由于该菌寄主范围较广、抗性水稻资源缺乏及其田间抗性鉴定的不稳定性等问题,该病害的研究仍没有取得突破性进展。挖掘自然界中存在的纹枯病抗源材料,选育抗病水稻品种是防控该病害、降低水稻产量损失,从而最大限度保障全球水稻产业可持续发展的有效手段。该文对近年来国内外关于水稻纹枯病菌与寄主的互作分子机制、抗性水稻基因资源挖掘及其抗性机制的最新研究进展进行综述,并提出下一步的重点研究方向,以期为推动水稻对纹枯病的抗性机制解析及抗纹枯病水稻育种提供参考。

Rice sheath blight(RSB),caused by the soil-borne necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani of the anastomosis group AG1-IA,is one of the most important diseases in rice production worldwide.Even though many researches have been made on the pathogen R.solani AG1-IA,no important progress and breakthrough have been made on this disease because of its extensively broad host range,lack of resistant rice germplasms,and the instability of rice resistance in the field.Mining resistance from rice germplasms and breeding resistance varieties is one of the effective means to manage this disease,reduce rice yield losses,and subsequently to guarantee the sustainable development of rice production in the world to the greatest extent.This review summarized the recent advances in the molecular mechanisms of the interactions between rice and R.solani AG1-IA,focusing on resistance genes to RSB and their resistance mechanisms.Some suggestions for future researches were put forward with the hope to provided support for studying the resistance mechanisms and breeding resistant rice varieties.