微生物絮凝剂及其在工业水处理中的应用探索

Introduction of microbial flocculants and its exploration application in industrial water treatment

微生物絮凝剂作为一种新型生物制剂,与传统絮凝剂相比,具有高效、无毒、来源广泛等显著优点,其研发和应用受到了高度重视。通过查阅总结近年来国内外关于微生物絮凝剂研究的文献以及其他相关资料,对目前微生物絮凝剂的主要来源、制备表征方法、絮凝机理进行了总结。同时为解决微生物絮凝剂制备成本高、效果不稳定等问题,提出了改善物化条件、利用基因工程手段、采取化学改性、使用复合絮凝剂、加强群感效应等一系列优化絮凝剂生产和使用的方法。最后,结合微生物絮凝剂在工业水处理方面的应用探索对其局限性进行了分析总结,发现高成本、强损耗、低回报的提取技术是限制微生物絮凝剂工业化应用最主要的原因,对此提出见解并对微生物絮凝剂的发展前景进行了展望。

Microbial flocculant is a new type of biological agent.Compared with traditional flocculants,it has signifi⁃cant advantages such as high efficiency,non-toxicity and wider source of raw material.Therefore,the studies and ap⁃plications of microbial flocculant have received great attention.In this paper,the sources,preparation methods,char⁃acterizations and flocculation mechanism of microbial flocculant were discussed by referring to the literatures and other relevant data at home and abroad in recent years.At the same time,in order to solve the problems of high preparation cost and unstable performance of microbial flocculant,a series of methods to optimize the production and use of flocculants were proposed,such as parameter optimization,genetic engineering,chemical modification,composite flocculants and quorum sensing.Finally,considering the applications of microbial flocculant in industrial water treatment,it was found that extraction technology with high cost,strong loss and low recovery was the main rea⁃son to limit the industrial application.Thus,the opinions were put forward and the development prospect of micro⁃bial flocculant was prospected.