雄安新区水资源一体化管理要素分析与体系构建

Factor analysis and system construction of integrated water resource management in the Xiong’an New Area

雄安新区对中国城市发展与地区开发模式优化有重大意义,但其水资源利用效率亟待提升,探究水资源一体化管理模式对雄安新区的建设至关重要。该研究对雄安新区水资源一体化管理进行了问卷调研与实地考察,应用主成分分析与系统聚类方法对调研数据进行分析。研究结果表明:雄安新区对水资源一体化管理需求较强;主成分分析与系统聚类分析将水资源一体化管理要素分为4类,分别对应水资源配置、涉水相关方管理、智慧化管理和水务市场调控。该研究据此构建了雄安新区水资源一体化管理体系,针对涉水相关方与水务市场一体化管理,生态、生产、生活用水一体化管理,以及水资源一体化智慧管理平台搭建3个方面提出了管理建议。该研究结果揭示了雄安新区水资源一体化管理的关键特征,为当地涉水管理部门优化水资源管理模式提供了实证依据。

[Objective] Located in the Baiyangdian Basin, the Xiong’an New Area is important for the optimization of urban and regional development modes in China. However, the Xiong’an New Area has a weak water resource carrying capacity, and its utilization efficiency of water resources urgently needs improvement. Integrated water resource management refers to systematically considering all aspects of water resource use to improve utilization efficiency, which is crucial for the construction and sustainable development of the Xiong’an New Area. Previous studies have explored integrated water resource management in terms of basin scheduling, market construction, and so on. However, these studies are often limited to a certain aspect of integrated water resource management without a holistic perspective and lack empirical data support. Consequently, this research takes the Xiong’an New Area as the research area, aiming to identify the key aspects contributing to successful integrated water resource management and provide practical and managerial suggestions. [Methods] This research conducted a questionnaire survey and interviews to obtain data on the demand and situation of water resource management in the Xiong’an New Area. At the same time, statistics released by the government were collected to reflect the current situation of water resource utilization in the Xiong’an New Area. This research first adopted a descriptive statistical analysis to explore the survey data. Subsequently, principal component analysis was applied to categorize the 16 factors for integrated water resource management into several key aspects for the Xiong’an New Area. Additionally, hierarchical cluster analysis was used to extract the factors, aiming to complement the results of the principal component analysis. [Results] The results show that the Xiong’an New Area has a strong demand for integrated water resource management, and importance should be attached to all factors in the survey. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis consistently divide the factors into four categories, indicating that water resource allocation, water-related stakeholder management, intelligent management, and water market regulation should be comprehensively considered to achieve integrated water resource management in the Xiong’an New Area. On the basis of local water resource endowment and the characteristics of water-related stakeholders, this research further structures an integrated water resource management system for the Xiong’an New Area comprising four strategies.(1) Integrated management of stakeholders and water markets recommends that administrative departments should encourage water enterprises to optimize resource allocation through industrial chains, establish a public participation mechanism, give full play to the role of the market in water resource allocation, and realize real-time monitoring of the market and stakeholders.(2) Integrated management of ecological, production, and domestic water consumption should consider the water demands of different stakeholders and encourage industrial restructuring, water recycling, and modernizing water-saving projects.(3) An integrated intelligent management platform for water resource based on information technology should be used to provide convenient, quick, and efficient service to the public, administrative department, and water enterprises. [Conclusions] These findings reveal the key aspects for successful integrated water resource management in the Xiong’an New Area and provide an empirical basis for optimizing the water resource management mode, which could help clarify and reasonably distribute the responsibilities, rights, and interests of local water-related stakeholders and establish a collaborative working mechanism to improve the efficiency of local water resource uses.