中药复方及单体治疗结肠癌药效与机制研究进展

Efficacy and Mechanism of Chinese Medicinal Compounds and Monomers from Chinese Medicinals against Colorectal Cancer: A Review

结肠癌(CRC)是全世界至今未攻克的消化系统常见的恶性肿瘤之一。目前治疗CRC的临床手段均具有一定局限性,疗效不尽人意,从而导致治疗中途被迫停止或疗效欠佳。因此,寻找和研发具有治疗潜力、针对性强、不良反应小、经济性的新型候选药物迫在眉睫。中医药在改善上述症状方面具有西医不可替代的优势,并且中医药学历史悠久,君臣佐使、辨证用药具有调节人体状态的实践基础。近年来中医药在CRC的临床治疗领域有着显著的成效,尤其已有临床应用实践基础的中药复方及单体为干预治疗CRC提供了新的治疗方案,疗效确切、优势突出。具体体现在提高生活质量、改善临床症状,减轻化疗不良反应、延长生存期等方面。因此该文从CRC的现状、中医辨证论治基础上以“结肠癌”“中医药”“复方”及“单体”等为关键词,检索查阅近些年中英文相关文献。主要从“益气健脾”“清热解毒”“滋补肝肾”“补气养血”4个方面较为系统地介绍了中药复方及单体在治疗CRC领域的新进展。但因中药多组分、多靶点、多途径的特点,在今后仍然需要不断地深入探索中药复方及单体在治疗CRC领域的应用,以期使患者病痛和不良反应最小化、治疗效果最大化。为CRC治疗提供更宽广的前景和思路,为基于物质基础深入研究药效作用与机制提供参考。

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is one of the refractory malignant tumors of the digestive system worldwide. With limitations, the available clinical therapies are usually suspended or show unsatisfactory effect.Therefore, it is urgent to find and develop new candidate drugs specifically targeting the cancer with ideal efficacy, low toxicity, and low cost, and the solutions can be found in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) which has a long history. In TCM, sovereign, ministry, assistant, and guiding medicinals are selected based on the syndrome differentiation, and it has shown remarkable efficacy on CRC in recent years. In particular, Chinese medicinal compounds and monomers from Chinese medicinals which have been applied in clinical settings are advantageous in the treatment of CRCs, as they improve the quality of life, alleviate clinical symptoms and toxic and side effects of chemotherapy, and prolong the survival of patients. Therefore, we retrieved the English and Chinese articles with "CRC", "TCM", "compound" and "monomer" as keywords, and summarized the progress in the treatment of CRC with Chinese medicinal compounds and monomers from Chinese medicinals from four aspects of "replenishing Qi and invigorating spleen", "clearing heat and removing toxin", "nourishing liver and kidney", and "tonifying Qi and nourishing blood". However, Chinese medicine features multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways, and in-depth research should be carried out on the application of Chinese medicinal compounds and monomers from Chinese medicinals in the treatment of CRC, in an attempt to minimize the pain and side effects and maximize the therapeutic effect. This study is expected to provide new insight into the treatment of CRC and a reference for further research on the efficacy and mechanism of Chinese medicine.