大学生就业心理影响因素:一般自我效能感的中介作用

College students'employment psychological factors:The mediating role of general self-efficacy

目的:探究毕业大学生专业承诺、就业焦虑与一般自我效能感的关系,并探讨一般自我效能感在两者间的中介效应。方法:以河北省某大学1287名毕业生为研究对象,采用专业承诺量表,高校毕业生择业焦虑问卷及一般自我效能感问卷进行调查。结果:①女生就业焦虑水平显著高于男生(t=-2.085,P<0.05),男生一般自我效能感显著高于女生(t=4.195,P<0.001);②农村学生就业焦虑水平显著高于城镇学生(t=-2.184,P<0.05);③大学生就业焦虑与专业承诺和一般自我效能感呈显著负相关(r=-0.196,-0.284;P<0.001),专业承诺与一般自我效能感呈显著正相关(r=0.396,P<0.001);④一般自我效能感在专业承诺和就业焦虑之间起部分中介作用,效应值-0.097,中介效应占比49.5%。结论:毕业生就业期间女生和农村学生更焦虑,男生自我效能感更高;就业焦虑与专业承诺与一般自我效能感呈显著负相关,专业承诺与一般自我效能感呈显著正相关,一般自我效能感能起部分中介作用。

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of professional commitment and employment anxiety of graduates,and to explore the mediating effect of general self-efficacy between them.Methods:A total of 1,287 graduates from a university in Hebei province were used to investigate the Professional Commitment Scale Questionnaire,Graduates’Vocational Selection Anxiety and General Self-efficacy.The statistical tool was SPSS26.0.Results:①The level of employment anxiety of female students was significantly higher than that of male students(t=-2.085,P<0.05),and the general self-efficacy of male students was significantly higher than that of female students(t=4.195,P<0.001).②The employment anxiety level of rural students was significantly higher than that of urban students(t=-2.184,P<0.05).③Employment anxiety of college students was significantly negatively correlated with professional commitment and general self-efficacy(r=-0.196,-0.284;P<0.001),and professional commitment was significantly positively correlated with general self-efficacy(r=0.396,P<0.001).④General self-efficacy played a partial mediating role in the relationship between professional commitment and employment anxiety,with an effect value of-0.097,accounting for 49.5%.Conclusion:During the employment period of graduates,girls and rural students are more anxious,and boys have higher self-efficacy;Employment anxiety is significantly negatively correlated with professional commitment and general self-efficacy,professional commitment is significantly positively correlated with general self-efficacy,and general self-efficacy plays a partial intermediary role.