高速永磁同步电机控制策略综述

A Summary on Control Strategy of High-speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

永磁同步电机具有结构简单、质量轻、体积小、损耗低等优点,是汽车、船舶等交通领域的关键部件之一。电机转速的提高能够减小体积、降低噪音及提高功率密度,是未来的一个必然发展趋势。电机高速和小型化将导致难以安装传感器,使现有基于多传感器的控制理论面临挑战。本文通过回顾永磁同步电机的结构、工作原理和建模思想,对其相关的控制理论如现代控制、智能控制等现状进行了综述,并比较了优缺点。针对高速永磁同步电机无传感器的需求,讨论了矢量控制、神经网络学习等控制方法,并对未来控制策略的建立给出相关的建议。

The permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM) is of multi-advantages including simple structure,light weight,small size and low loss,so it is viewed as one of the most critical components for vehicle,shipping and other industries. It is beneficial to reduce volume,lower noise and enhance the power density by increasing the revolving speed of PMSM,and thus it is an unavoidable development tendency. Unfortunately,high speed and miniaturization of the motor will make it tough to install sensors,and the current control strategies of PMSM based on multiple sensors are facing challenges. The related control theories and situations such as modern control and intelligent control have been list here through reviewing the structure,operating principle and modelling ideas of PMSM,and advantages and disadvantages are contrasted. In order to meet the requirement of high speed PMSM without sensors,vector control and neural network learning control and other means have been discussed,and some pieces of advice on how to make the control strategy in future will be offered.