土遗址类暴雨受损调查及保护策略——以河南为例

Investigation and Protection Strategies for Rainstorm Damaged in Earthen Sites: A Case of Henan

土遗址类不可移动文物由于其自身的特点,相较于其他类别的文化遗产,本身抗灾能力较弱,保护难度较大。河南土遗址作为土遗址类不可移动文物的代表,受季节性暴雨的侵袭,土遗址本体或其所处的环境受到灾害的威胁较大。本研究以河南露天土遗址为研究对象,探讨土遗址与灾害的相关性。笔者通过对河南土遗址受灾情况进行监测和调查后,对河南省土遗址类不可移动文物受损情况进行梳理总结,并对损伤机理进行研究,从灾前预防、工程实施、防灾管理三个方面,提出土遗址防灾减灾的相关建议,以期为遭受暴雨灾害的土遗址的保护与修复提供有效参考。

Due to its own characteristics, the immovable cultural relics, such as earthen sites, have a weak ability to resist disasters and are difficult to be protected compared with other cultural heritages.As the representative of immovable cultural relics, Henan earthen sites are affected by seasonal rainstorms, and the earthen sites or their environment are threatened by disasters. In this paper, the open soil sites in Henan Province are taken as the research object to explore the correlation between soil sites and disasters. After monitoring and investigating the disaster situation of the earth sites in Henan Province, the damage situation of the immovable cultural relics of the earth sites in Henan Province is sorted out and summarized,and the damage mechanism is studied. From three aspects of predisaster prevention, project implementation and disaster prevention management, the relevant suggestions for disaster prevention and reduction of the earth sites are put forward, in order to provide effective reference for the protection and restoration of the earth sites suffering from rainstorm disasters.