2型糖尿病高危人群糖尿病防治素养现状及影响因素分析

Status and Influencing Factors of Health Literacy of Type 2 Diabetes High-Risk Population

目的 调查2型糖尿病高危人群的糖尿病防治素养现状并分析其影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法,于2021年9—12月选取于郑州市某三级甲等医院体检中心接受健康体检的522例2型糖尿病高危人群为调查对象。采用中国公众糖尿病防治素养调查问卷、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、健康行为能力自评量表(SRAHP)进行问卷调查。结果 防治素养得分≥43.2分判定为具备糖尿病防治素养,522例研究对象糖尿病防治素养总分平均为(38.35±5.94)分,其中133例(25.48%)具备糖尿病防治素养。多元线性回归分析结果显示受教育程度、健康行为能力自评量表中营养能力维度、健康责任维度、社会支持水平是2型糖尿病高危人群糖尿病防治素养的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 2型糖尿病高危人群的糖尿病防治素养水平有待进一步提高。受教育程度低、营养能力及健康责任自评较低、社会支持度低均为2型糖尿病高危人群糖尿病防治素养的影响因素。

Objective To investigate the status of health literacy of type 2 diabetes high-risk population and analyze its influencing factors.Methods A total of 522 cases of high-risk population of type 2 diabetes who received physical examination in the physical examination center of a tertiary A-level hospital in Zhengzhou were selected as the subjects by convenient sampling method from September to December 2021. The Chinese public diabetes prevention and control literacy questionnaire, social support rating scale(SSRS), self-rated abilities for health practices scales(SRAHP) were used to conduct the questionnaire survey.Results The prevention and control literacy score ≥ 43.2 was determined as having diabetes prevention and control literacy. The total score of 522 subjects with diabetes prevention and control literacy was(38.35±5.94) on average, of which 133(25.48%) had diabetes prevention and control literacy. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level, nutrition ability dimension, health responsibility dimension, and social support level in the SRAHP were the main influencing factors for the diabetes prevention and control literacy of the high-risk population of type 2 diabetes(P<0.05).Conclusion The level of diabetes prevention and control literacy of high-risk groups of type 2 diabetes needs to be further improved. Low education level, low nutritional ability and health responsibility self-assessment, and low social support are the influencing factors for the diabetes prevention and control literacy of the high-risk group of type 2 diabetes.