基于积极心理学理论的护理模式对女性精神分裂症患者病耻感和心理状况方面的影响

Influence of Nursing Mode Based on Positive Psychology Theory on Stigma and Psychological Status of Female Patients with Schizophrenia

目的:探讨基于积极心理学理论的护理模式对女性精神分裂症患者病耻感和心理状况方面的影响。方法:选取2018年9月—2021年2月厦门市仙岳医院收治的74例女性精神分裂症患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为研究组与对照组,每组各37例。对照组患者实施常规护理,研究组患者在常规护理的基础上实施基于积极心理学理论的护理模式。比较两组患者干预前后的心理状况、病耻感及精神症状。结果:干预3个月,两组患者的阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS) 3个分量表得分及总分、精神疾病内在病耻感量表(ISMI)各维度得分及总分均显著低于干预前,幸福进取者问卷(HEIQ)各维度得分及总分均显著高于干预前,且研究组患者得分的降低或升高幅度大于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(t=19.223、10.554、5.362、8.719、6.467、7.358、6.243、6.948、12.368、6.809、3.799、3.345、4.066、2.057、4.161、3.789、7.603,P<0.05)。结论:基于积极心理学理论的护理模式可有效减轻女性精神分裂症患者的病耻感,提升患者的积极心理品质,有利于减轻患者的精神症状。

Objective:To explore the effect of nursing model based on positive psychology theory on stigma and psychological status of female patients with schizophrenia.Methods:A total of 74 female patients with schizophrenia who were admitted to the hospital from September 2018 to February 2021 were selected as the research objects, and divided into a study group and a control group by random number table method, with 37 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were given routine care, and the patients in the study group were given the nursing model based on positive psychology theory on the basis of routine care. The psychological status, stigma and mental symptoms of the two groups of patients before and after the intervention were compared.Results:After 3 months of intervention, 3 subscale scores and total score of the positive and negative symptom scale(PANSS), and the internal stigma scale(ISMI) dimension scores and total scores of the two groups of patients were significantly lower than those before the intervention, the scores of each dimension and the total score of the Happiness Progressive Questionnaire(HEIQ) were significantly higher than those before the intervention, and the changes in the scores of the patients in the study group were greater than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(t=19.223, 10.554, 5.362, 8.719, 6.467, 7.358,6.243, 6.948, 12.368, 6.809, 3.799, 3.345, 4.066, 2.057, 4.161, 3.789, 7.603, P<0.05).Conclusion:The nursing model based on positive psychology theory can effectively reduce the stigma of female schizophrenia patients, improve the positive psychological quality of patients, and help reduce the mental symptoms of patients.