经颅多普勒超声在高龄椎基底动脉缺血性眩晕患者中的诊断效能探析

Diagnostic Efficacy of Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound in Elderly Patients with Vertebrobasilar Ischemic Vertigo

目的:探究经颅多普勒超声(TCD)在高龄椎基底动脉缺血性眩晕(VBAIV)患者中的诊断效能。方法:选取2018年12月—2020年12月漯河市中心医院收治的100例高龄VBAIV患者作为观察组,选取同一时期收治的100例健康体检者作为对照组,观察两组患者左椎动脉(LVA)、右椎动脉(RVA)及基底动脉(BA)的血流峰速度变化,并分析TCD诊断结果。结果:观察组LVA、RVA、BA血流速度均较对照组减慢,差异有统计学意义(t=11.929、11.454、8.566,P<0.05)。200例受检者中,真阳性87例,真阴性100例,假阴性13例。TCD诊断高龄椎基底动脉缺血性眩晕的灵敏度为87.00%,特异度为100.00%,漏诊率为13.00%,准确度为93.50%,阴性预测值为88.50%,阳性预测值为100.00%。结论:TCD观测结果能够有效反映高龄VBAIV患者的血流变化情况,为疾病诊断提供判断依据。

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic efficacy of transcranial Doppler ultrasound(TCD) in elderly patients with vertebrobasilar artery ischemic vertigo(VBAIV).Methods:100 patients with high-grade VBAIV admitted to the hospital from December 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the observation group, and 100 healthy physical examiners admitted during the same period were selected as the control group. The changes of peak flow velocity in the left vertebral artery(LVA), right vertebral artery(RVA) and basilar artery(BA) were observed in both groups, and the results of TCD diagnosis were analyzed.Results:The LVA, RVA, and BA blood flow velocities were slower in the observation group than in the control group, with statistically significant differences(t=11.929, 11.454, 8.566, P<0.05). Among the 200 subjects, 87 were true positive, 100 were true negative, and13 were false negative. TCD had a sensitivity of 87.00%, a specificity of 100.00%, a leak rate of 13.00%, an accuracy of 93.50%,a negative predictive value of 88.50%, and a positive predictive value of 100.00% for the diagnosis of high-grade vertebrobasilar ischemic vertigo.Conclusion:The TCD observation can effectively reflect the blood flow changes in the elderly patients with VBAIV and provide a basis for the diagnosis of the disease.