食管癌术后肠内营养支持并发胃潴留的危险因素及干预措施分析

Analysis of Risk Factors and Intervention Measures of Enteral Nutrition Support Complicated with Gastric Retention after Esophageal Cancer Surgery

目的:探讨食管癌术后肠内营养(EN)支持并发胃潴留的危险因素及其干预措施。方法:回顾性分析2019年8月—2021年7月河南科技大学第一附属医院收治的86例食管癌患者的临床资料。分析食管癌术后EN支持并发胃潴留的危险因素。结果:86例食管癌患者术后EN支持并发胃潴留27例,占比为31.40%;单因素分析结果显示,合并糖尿病、便秘、低钾血症、机械通气、电解质紊乱与食管癌术后EN支持并发胃潴留有关,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.265、11.965、5.989、5.106、28.873,P<0.05);年龄、性别、低血压、肺部感染与食管癌术后EN支持并发胃潴留无关,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.868、0.742、3.658、3.818,P>0.05);多因素分析结果显示:合并糖尿病、便秘、低钾血症、机械通气、电解质紊乱是食管癌术后EN支持并发胃潴留的高危因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:食管癌术后EN支持并发胃潴留与合并糖尿病、便秘、低钾血症、机械通气、电解质紊乱有关。

Objective:To explore the risk factors and intervention measures of postoperative enteral nutrition(EN) support for gastric cancer after esophageal cancer operation.Methods:The clinical data of 86 patients with esophageal cancer admitted to the hospital from August 2019 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Risk factors for gastric retention complicated by EN support after esophageal cancer surgery were analyzed.Results:In 86 patients with esophageal cancer, postoperative EN support was complicated with gastric retention in 27 cases, accounting for 31.40%. Univariate analysis showed that diabetes, constipation, hypokalemia, mechanical ventilation, and electrolyte disturbance were associated with postoperative EN support for esophageal cancer complicated with gastric retention, and the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.265, 11.965, 5.989, 5.106, 28.873, P<0.05).Age, gender, hypotension, and pulmonary infection were not associated with postoperative EN support complicated with gastric retention after esophageal cancer, and the difference was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.868, 0.742, 3.658, 3.818, P>0.05). Multivariate analysis results showed that diabetes, constipation, hypokalemia, mechanical ventilation, and electrolyte disturbance were high risk factors for gastric retention complicated by EN support after esophageal cancer surgery, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Postoperative EN support for esophageal cancer complicated with gastric retention is associated with diabetes, constipation, hypokalemia, mechanical ventilation, and electrolyte disturbance.