初产妇产前不良情绪的心理护理对分娩结局的影响

The Influence of Psychological Nursing of Primipara’s Bad Mood Before Delivery on Delivery Outcome

目的 探讨针对初产妇的不良情绪实施心理护理的效果,以及对分娩结局的影响。方法 随机选取厦门大学附属妇女儿童医院(厦门市妇幼保健院)在2020年3—9月接收的初产妇160名为研究对象,按照随机法分为两组,分别为一般组和研究组,每组80名。一般组行常规护理,研究组行不良情绪特点分析及个性化心理护理。对比两组初产妇的SAS以及CAQ评分、乳汁分泌量以及开始时间、产后出血量及疼痛情况、分娩镇痛效果的满意度、分娩方式以及发生胎儿窘迫发生率。结果 研究组护理后SAS、CAQ评分明显低于一般组,差异有统计学意义(t=26.409、20.691,P<0.05)。研究组产妇的泌乳量以及开始时间均优于一般组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.482、8.654,P<0.05)。研究组产后2、24 h出血量以及疼痛评分均低于一般组,差异有统计学意义(t=29.164、39.972、17.345,P<0.05)。研究组的镇痛效果满意度明显优于一般组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组的剖宫产分娩方式与一般组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);阴道助产、自然分娩方式与一般组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组有2例胎儿窘迫明显低于一般组的10例,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.765,P<0.05)。结论 对初产妇进行不良情绪特点分析及个性化心理护理,可以有效减少产妇的恐惧以及焦虑情绪,有助于促进自然分娩,减少剖宫产率和胎儿窘迫率,有利于母乳喂养。

Objective To explore the effect of implementing psychological care for the adverse mood of primipara, and the impact on birth outcomes. Methods A total of 160 primiparas received by the Affiliated Women and Children’s Hospital of Xiamen University(Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Hospital) from March to September 2020 were randomly selected as the research objects, which were divided into two groups according to random method, namely general group and research group, with 80 members from each group. The general group conducted routine nursing, and the research group conducted the analysis of bad mood characteristics and personalized psychological nursing. The SAS, CAQ score, milk secretion, start time, postpartum bleeding and pain, satisfcation with laber analgesia, the mode of delivery and the incidence of fetal distress were compared between the two groups of primiparas. Results After nursing, the SAS and CAQ scores of the study group were significantly lower than those of the general group, the difference was statistically significant(t=26.409, 20.691, P<0.05).The lactation volume and start time of the study group were better than those of the general group, the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=5.482, 8.654, P<0.05).Postpartum blood loss and pain score in the study group were lower than that in the general group, the difference was statistically significant(t=29.164, 39.972, 17.345, P<0.05).The analgesic effect satisfaction of the study group was significantly better than that of the general group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the delivery mode of cesarean section between the study group and the general group(P>0.05).Compared with the general group, vaginal midwifery and natural delivery in the study group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Two cases of fetal distress in the study group were significantly lower than 10 cases in the general group and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=5.765, P<0.05). Conclusion The analysis of adverse emotional characteristics and personalized psychological care for primipara can effectively reduce maternal fear and anxiety, help promote natural delivery, reduce cesarean section rate and fetal distress rate, and facilitate breastfeeding.