铁路应急测绘保障体系建设研究

Research on the Construction of Railway Emergency Surveying and Mapping Security System

铁路应急测绘保障工作贯穿铁路突发事件的预防、应对、处置和恢复全过程,是铁路应急保障体系的重要内容和基础性工作。铁路系统目前尚未建立铁路应急测绘保障体系,没有形成成熟可行的保障机制,存在着应急测绘预案不完善、地理信息资源储备不足、专业应急测绘保障队伍不健全、突发事件现场资料获取传输及处理不及时等问题。根据铁路应急测绘保障工作的特点,基于近年来相关应急测绘项目应用成果,分析铁路应急测绘保障的现状和必要性,提出铁路应急测绘保障体系建设的总体思路,包括铁路应急测绘装备及队伍建设、铁路应急测绘保障预案及工作机制建设、铁路应急测绘保障中心建设和铁路应急测绘保障技术体系建设等内容;并梳理了构建先进的现代铁路工程应急测绘保障技术体系需重点研究的关键性技术。通过建立健全铁路应急测绘保障体系,全面提升铁路行业的应急测绘保障服务能力。

As an important part and basic work of railway emergency security system,railway emergency surveying and mapping security work runs through the whole process of railway emergencies,including four stages of prevention,response,disposal and recovery.However,the railway system has neither established a railway emergency surveying and mapping security system,nor formed a mature and feasible security mechanism at present.Therefore,there are numerous problems such as imperfect emergency surveying and mapping plans,insufficient geographic information resource reserves,unsound professional emergency surveying and mapping support teams,and untimely acquisition,transmission and processing of emergency on-site data.According to the characteristics of railway emergency surveying and mapping support work,this paper makes a detailed analysis of the current situation and necessities of railway emergency surveying and mapping support based on the application results of relevant emergency surveying and mapping projects in recent years,and puts forward the general idea of railway emergency surveying and mapping support system construction,which includes equipment and team building for railway emergency surveying and mapping,the formation of railway emergency surveying and mapping support plan as well as working mechanism,the construction of railway emergency surveying and mapping support center,and the improvement of railway emergency surveying and mapping support technology system.In addition,the writer sorts out the key technologies that need to be studied to build an advanced modern railway engineering emergency surveying and mapping support technology system.All in all,establishing and improving the railway emergency surveying and mapping support system will make a difference to the enhancement of the emergency surveying and mapping support service capability of the railway industry.