重载铁路典型波磨区段轮轨力仿真分析

Simulation Analysis of Wheel-rail Force in Typical Corrugation Section of Heavy-haul Railway

钢轨波磨是重载铁路上常见的一种病害,且波磨波长范围较广,为研究列车经过不同波长的波磨区段时轮轨垂向力变化情况,利用ABAQUS软件建立有限元模型,仿真计算不同工况条件下的重载线路轮轨垂向力响应。首先,结合重载铁路轴箱加速度的分析和现场复核,归纳钢轨波磨区段主要参数特征;接着,根据归纳的波磨特征建立有限元仿真模型并利用既有实测数据验证仿真结果的正确性;然后,利用控制变量法计算轮轨动力学在不同车辆轴重、运行速度、扣件刚度和弹簧阻尼参数下的影响特性。最后,通过比较不同波长下的轮轨垂向力发现,相同工况下,重载铁路短波长波磨区段能引起轮轨垂向力更大范围的幅值波动。因此,重载铁路产生钢轨波磨初期,为避免异常的轮轨力,要及时打磨。

Rail corrugation is a common damage to heavy-haul railway with a wide range of corrugation wavelength.In order to study the change of wheel-rail vertical force when the train passes through corrugation sections with different wavelengths,the finite element model is established with ABAQUS software,and the wheel-rail vertical force response of heavy-haul railway under different working conditions is simulated and calculated.Firstly,combined with the analysis of axle box acceleration of heavy-haul railway and on-site review,the main parameter characteristics of corrugation section are summarized.Then,the finite element simulation model is created according to the summarized characteristics.The simulation results are verified by the existing measured data.Next,the influence characteristics of wheel-rail dynamics under different vehicle axle load,running speed,fastener stiffness and spring damping are calculated by using the control variable method.Finally,The comparison of wheel-rail forces at different wavelengths shows that under the same working conditions,the short wavelength can cause a larger range of wheel-rail force fluctuation amplitude.Therefore,in order to avoid abnormal wheel-rail force,the rails of heavy-haul railway should be grinded in time at the initial stage of rail corrugation.