城际铁路橡胶浮置板轨道动力特性理论试验研究

Theoretical and Experimental Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Rubber Floating Slab Track of Intercity Railway

城际铁路沿线振动敏感区段多、减振要求较高,橡胶浮置板轨道以其良好的减振性能得到了广泛应用。为研究橡胶浮置板轨道结构动力学特性及其影响因素,建立车辆-橡胶浮置板轨道动力学模型,并开展室内落轴冲击试验,分别从理论与试验角度对橡胶浮置板轨道动力特性进行研究。主要结论如下:(1)橡胶浮置板轨道能够保证城际铁路平顺性要求,轨道结构位移、振动加速度等指标均满足标准要求;(2)城际铁路轨道振动基频在64 Hz附近,橡胶垫刚度越小,振动控制效果越好,刚度建议取0.019~0.042 N/mm^(3);(3)底座振动随车速呈线性增大,设计速度的提高对1~8 Hz及80 Hz以上振动有明显放大作用;(4)通过落轴试验证明,橡胶浮置板轨道在32~100 Hz频段内具有良好减振效果,可减小底座振动8 dB。

There are many vibration sensitive sections along the intercity railway with high vibration control requirements.Rubber floating slab track is widely used due to its good vibration control effect.In order to study the dynamic characteristics and influencing factors of rubber floating slab track structure,the coupling dynamic finite element model of vehicle-track structure is established and wheel-drop tests are carried out from the perspective of theory and experiment.Research conclusions are as follows:(1)The rubber floating slab track structure can ensure the smoothness requirements of intercity railway,and the indexes such as track structure displacement and vibration acceleration meet the standard requirements.(2)The vibration frequency of intercity railway track is near 64 Hz.The smaller the stiffness of rubber pad is,the better the vibration control effect will be.The stiffness is recommended to be 0.019~0.042 N/mm^(3).(3)The vibration of the base increases linearly with the vehicle speed,and the increase of the design speed has a significant amplification effect on the vibration of 1~8 Hz and above 80 Hz.(4)It is proved that the rubber floating slab track can reduce the vibration of the base by 8 dB,and has good damping effect in the 32~100 Hz frequency band.