多支柱养老保障建设的理论演变及实践走向

Theoretical Evolution and Practical Trend of the Construction of Multi-pillar Pension Security

在人口寿命增加、经济长期低迷的双重压力下,全球养老保障制度的可持续发展面临严峻挑战,建立多支柱养老保障体系是多方探索、应对挑战的重要策略。集体主义和自由主义理念的冲突变化对养老保障体系建设产生了深远影响。经过多种理念的碰撞融合,全球多支柱养老体系在实践中曲折发展,在实现结构调整、减缓贫困、平滑收入等多重目标上取得了一定成效,但充足性与可持续性间的矛盾长期存在,需要不断增强多支柱养老保障体系建设的包容性,促进各支柱的更好协同,统筹发展养老保险和养老服务。

Under the dual pressure of life expectancy increasing and long-term economic downturn,the sustainable development of the global pension security system is facing severe challenges.The establishment of a multi-pillar system is an important strategy for countries to explore and cope with the challenges in various ways.The conflicts and changes of collectivism and liberalism in the construction of the pension security system have had a profound impact on the construction of the pension security system.After multiple concept of fusion,global multi-pillar pension system tortuous development in practice,in the realization of structure adjustment,poverty alleviation,smoothing income such as multiple target has obtained certain result,however,in the future,the contradiction between adequacy and sustainability will persist for a long time,and it is necessary to continuously enhance the inclusiveness of the construction of the multi-pillar pension security system,promote the better coordination of the old-age security of all pillars,and coordinate the development of old-age insurance and old-age services.