多系列铝合金电弧增材制造技术研究进展

Progress of Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing of Aluminum Alloys

电弧增材制造技术适用于铝合金大型复杂构件的一体化成形制造,当前国内外学者已针对不同系列的铝合金进行了大量研究。梳理了近年来铝合金电弧增材制造技术的相关研究,总结了针对Al-Cu、Al-Mg、Al-Si、Al-Cu-Mg、Al-Mg-Si和Al-Zn-Mg-Cu多个系列铝合金的电弧增材研究进展,包括各系列铝合金的组织性能特点、成形效果等方面的研究成果。介绍了铝合金电弧增材制造中常见的组织缺陷,如电弧增材铝合金组织中的孔洞、热裂纹等,以及采用合适的工艺参数和合金设计等解决办法。通过对不同系列铝合金的增材现状和组织缺陷的分析,为铝合金电弧增材制造技术的进一步发展提供了有益的参考。

Wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)technique is applicable to producing large-scale aluminum alloy structures.Recently,lots of efforts have been made to research the WAAM of aluminum alloys.In this paper,a wide range of previous WAAM studies about Al-Cu,Al-Mg,Al-Si,Al-Cu-Mg,Al-Mg-Si,and Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys were reviewed and summarized,including the characteristics of the microstructure and properties,forming effects of each series.Based on the characteristics of WAAMed aluminum alloys,common microstructure defects and improvement measures are introduced,such as pore and hot crack in microstructure,and appropriate process parameters and alloy design.This article provides useful ideas for the further development of WAAM technology in aluminum alloys by analyzing the research status of different series aluminum alloys.