数字经济对劳动收入份额的影响——基于长三角城市群的实证研究

The Impact of Digital Economy on Labor Income Share:An Empirical Study Based on Urban Agglomeration in the Yangtze River Delta

数字经济的发展极大地影响了生产方式和生活方式,也影响着要素之间的收入分配。文章在分析数字经济对劳动收入份额影响机理的基础上,利用2003—2019年长三角城市群41个城市的面板数据,采用熵值法测度了长三角各个城市的数字经济发展水平,并对数字经济影响劳动收入份额进行了效应评估和机制检验。结果表明:数字经济的发展降低了长三角地区的劳动收入份额;不同省份、不同产业的这种负向影响具有异质性,劳动力越丰富的地区和产业,抑制效应越明显;数字经济对劳动收入份额的负向抑制效应是通过劳动生产率提高效应和就业削减效应两大路径实现的;数字经济对劳动收入份额的边际抑制作用随着劳动收入份额的提高而不断降低。

The development of the digital economy has greatly affected the way of production and life,and also affected the income distribution between factors.Based on the analysis of the mechanism of the impact of digital economy on the share of labor income,this paper uses the panel data of 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration from 2003 to 2019 to measure the development level of digital economy in each city in the Yangtze River Delta using the entropy method,and carries out the effect evaluation and mechanism test of the impact of digital economy on the share of labor income.The results show that the development of digital economy has reduced the share of labor income in the Yangtze River Delta;the negative impact of different provinces and industries is heterogeneous.The more abundant the labor force is,the more obvious the inhibition effect is;the negative inhibition effect of the digital economy on the share of labor income is realized through two major paths:the effect of improving labor productivity and the effect of reducing employment;with the increase of the share of labor income,the marginal inhibition is gradually weakened.