基于DPSFR和物元可拓模型的河流生态安全空间分异研究

Research on Spatial Differentiation of River Ecological Security Based on DPSFR and Matter-element Extension Model

河流生态安全既与河流自身物理、化学和生物完整性密切相关,也受其所流经地区的自然、经济、社会条件影响,基于“驱动力—压力—状态—功能—响应”(DPSFR)框架和物元可拓模型,构建了河流生态安全评价体系,以洪汝河为例,将其按自然地理、水利工程等空间差异划分为10个评价单元,开展河流生态安全评价和空间分异特征研究。结果表明,2017年洪汝河生态安全水平处在临界安全状态,并存在向不安全等级发展的趋势,其空间分异特点为上游优于下游,支流优于干流,在功能和响应层表现尤为明显。各指标中总磷、人均综合用水量、河流纵向连通度、水质考核断面达标率是影响洪汝河生态安全空间分布差异的主要因子。响应层是与洪汝河生态安全空间分异呈现显著相关的准则层。

The ecological security of rivers is not only closely related to the physical, chemical and biological integrity of the river itself, but also affected by the natural, economic and social conditions of the regions through which it flows. Based on the "driving force-pressur-state-function-response"(DPSFR) framework and matter-element extension model, a river ecological security evaluation system was constructed. Taking Hongru River as an example, it was divided into 10 evaluation units according to the spatial differences such as physical geography and water conservancy projects, and the river ecological security evaluation and spatial differentiation characteristics research were carried out. The results show that the ecological safety level of the Hongru River in 2017 was in a critical safety state, and there was a tendency to develop to an unsafe level. Its spatial differentiation characteristics were that the upstream was better than the downstream, and the tributaries were better than the mainstream, especially in the functional and response layers. Among the indicators, total phosphorus, per capita comprehensive water consumption, river longitudinal connectivity, and water quality assessment cross-section compliance rate are the main factors affecting the spatial distribution of ecological security differences in Hongru River. The response is a criterion layer that is significantly related to the spatial differentiation of the ecological security of the Hongru River.